AIT與台南國立臺灣文學館合辦的「描繪美國: 美國文學行旅特展」就快要開始了!你大概知道馬克吐溫,他寫了大家耳孰能詳的美國文學作品《湯姆歷險記》(延伸閱讀:https://goo.gl/x3fl2a ),不過你知道馬克吐溫是筆名嗎? 馬克吐溫的真名為薩繆爾克萊門斯,在克萊門斯成為知名作家前,他做過各式各樣的零時工,包括駕駛輪船往來於密西西比河。1863年,時年27歲的克萊門斯寫了一篇幽默的旅行故事並決定署名「馬克吐溫」。這個名字來自於船上船員的喊叫,為了測試水深,船員會大叫「馬克吐溫!」,這代表勉強達到出航深度的水深深度:兩噚或12英尺。「吐溫」是「2」的舊式說法,而一噚等於六英尺。想要多了解其他美國作家嗎?敬請期待「描繪美國: 美國文學行旅特展」!#AmericasLiteraryLandscape #MarkTwain
“America’s Literary Landscape”- an exhibition of American literature presented by AIT and the Museum of Taiwan Literature is coming April 7! You might know of Mark Twain, the well-known American author of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. But did you know “Mark Twain” is a pen name? Mark Twain's real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens. Before Clemens became famous as a writer, he held a variety of odd jobs including piloting a steamboat up and down the Mississippi River. In 1863, when Clemens was 27, he wrote a humorous travel story and decided to sign his name "Mark Twain." At the time, “mark twain” was a navigational term meaning “two fathoms,” which was often called out by the riverboat captain to signal a safe water level for the passage of a steamboat. "Twain" is an old-fashioned way of saying "two" and a fathom is six feet. So two fathoms is a depth of 12 feet, which is barely deep enough for a boat to navigate safely. Stay tuned for more information about other American authors! Learning English? Read or listen to this version of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer adapted for English Language learners: https://goo.gl/x3fl2a
adapted meaning 在 妙雅 Miaoya Facebook 的精選貼文
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不像中文裡簡單的一到十二月,在許多語言中,各個月份都有屬於自己的名字。
大部分歐洲語言的月份名字來自羅馬神話中的神明,而波蘭的月份名字,則是從農民曆來的!
就讓我們一個個來看它們的起源吧:
Styczeń(一月):「stykać」意思是會面的意思,代表舊的一年與新的一年在一月彷彿見到彼此一樣連接起來。
Luty(二月):在古波蘭文中,「luty」表示「強烈的」、「冷霜」、「極寒」。
Marzec(三月):「marznąć」表示「使……結凍」,也有些人認為這個字來自羅馬神話中的戰神Mars,波文拼法是「Martius」。
Kwiecień(四月):「kwiecie」表示花兒。在經歷極寒的二到三月後,終於春暖花開。
Maj(五月):這是唯一一個確認來自羅馬曆的月份名字,女神「Maia」是豐饒、成長之神,在波蘭文中也是同樣的意思。相近的字中,「majowka」代表的則是戶外旅行。
Czerwiec(六月):波蘭字「czerw」表示抓取,抓取什麼呢?答案是蜜蜂或蛾的幼蟲!在六月,以前的人們會抓幼蟲拿來曬乾,再製成紅色或紫色的顏料。也有人說六月這個波蘭字是來自「czerwiec」,代表變紅或成熟的意思。
Lipiec(七月):七月的名字來自「lipa」這個表示「椴樹」的波蘭字。椴樹在這個時期開花,在波蘭尤其普遍。波蘭詩人揚·科哈諾夫斯基(Jan Kochanowski)就曾作一首詩:〈關於椴樹(Na lipe)〉,其中一段「gosciu siadz pod ma lipa a odpoczyn sobie」即表示「貴客,請到我的椴樹下歇息」。
Sierpień(八月):「sierp」代表鐮刀,在這個豐收的季節,鐮刀自然是不可或缺的工具。
Wrzesień(九月):「wrzosy」表示石楠花,九月時,這種美麗的紫色會在各處盛放。
Październik(十月):「paździerz」表示亞麻或大麻的木質乾燥部分。從前這兩種植物是用來做布料的,十月的時候,風會帶走田地上所有的製完布料後剩餘的部分,在波蘭文中叫作「paździerze」。
Listopad(十一月):這個字來自「padajace liscie」,即落葉之意。
Grudzień(十二月):十二月寒冷的天氣讓地面都結冰了,「gruda」這個字就是指結冰的地面哦!
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了解波蘭月份名字的由來之後,是不是讓你覺得背這些單字更得心應手了呢?
如果這樣的程度太簡單的話,來試試這個跟月份有關的影片吧:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mUXa5Hg_QzI
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Did you know that Poland did not adopt Latin names for months and has its own unique names? Unlike many other European countries that derive the names of the months from the Roman names of gods, caesars' or numbers, Polish names of the months take their origins in farmers' calendar. Check out their unique names in the list below.
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1. Styczeń - stykać means "to meet" - "to join" since the old year "meets the new year in January
2. Luty - luty in old Polish means "fierce", "bitter frost", "freezing cold"
3. Marzec - from marznac meaning " to freeze". Some people believe that this name comes also from Roman God "Martius" - in Polish Mars.
4. Kwiecień - from kwiecie - flowers - a blooming month.
5. Maj - this is the only name which was adopted from Roman calendar devoted to goddess Maia. Maia was the Roman female deity of growth or fertility.This name gained its own meaning in the Polish language, for instance as majowka- the outdoor trip.
6. Czerwiec - from czerw meaning "grab" - the larva of a bee or moth. In this month people were picking up the larves, dry them in the sun, and then made from it a red or purple die (pigment); therefore the name "czerw" comes from "redden" and some sources also derive the name of Polish June from a Polish word "czerwienic" - to redden or rippen
7. Lipiec - from lipa - "linden tree" - which flowers in that time; this tree is very popular in Poland. There is a famous poem by Kochanowski "Na lipe" (about Linden tree) - "gosciu siadz pod ma lipa a odpoczyn sobie" - "dear visitor -please sit under my linden tree and relax".
8. Sierpień - sierp is "a sickle" used for harvesting (tool to cut the hay, grass or wheat)
9. Wrzesień - from wrzosy - "heather" that beautifully purple in that time of the year
10. Październik - from paździerz - wooden dry part remained from flax or hemp. In the past flax and hemp was used for making cloths. In that time of the year the wind was carrying out "paździerze" - the wooden waste remained after flax and hemp - all over the fields.
11. Listopad - padajace liscie - falling leaves.
12. Grudzień - gruda - hardened ground which is caused by cold weather.
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To see more about months in Polish, you can watch this video (in Polish):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HBNroYoYQiY
(Adapted from culture.polishsite.us)
adapted meaning 在 EC Bakes 小意思 Facebook 的最讚貼文
https://m.facebook.com/ECBakes/posts/753363278053572
朱古力杯子蛋糕食譜喺呢度呀!詳細做法寫咗喺圖片入面,無Greek yogurt 就用普通原味乳酪(最好預先畢多少少放一陣等佢出少少水,倒走啲水再磅所需份量等佢杰身啲),無vanilla bean paste可用純雲尼拿香油代替,焗到有小山丘唔夠平坦下次可以試下調低爐温10C,牛油同粉打得唔夠碎就用手指捽下或用刮刀切下佢(牛油粒太大舊cupcake底會滲油架),用手提打蛋器
最好用超大嘅鋼盤以免牛油同粉飛哂出嚟,想個個大小相同就買個彈弓手柄雪糕畢,啱啱好一平匙一個蛋糕份量㗎。
以上就係最多人問嘅問題同我嘅貼士,我一次過講哂喇!仲有咩問就集中喺度問啦,等睇嘅答嘅都方便啲!未整快啲買料整啦,我呢兩日整咗四打喇~
朱古力食譜(三) -- 簡易朱古力杯子蛋糕
Chocolate recipes (3) -- Easy Chocolate Cupcakes)
快~靚~正~這是我至愛的朱古力杯子蛋糕! 用此配方已經有一段時間了, 到目前為止我仍未找到比它更好的食譜呢! 它令我着迷是因為:
1. 它的朱古力味超濃郁(朱古力粉佔粉類三分一)
2. 做法簡單快捷, 牛油直接從雪櫃取出使用不用置室温放軟, 用大機(stand mixer)的話, 蛋糕糊可在五分鐘內做妥, 而且只用清洗一個大鋼盆(懶人福音~)!
3. 小蛋糕質地鬆軟無比, 减糖配方不會太甜, 與減糖瑞士蛋白奶油霜是絕配! 當然不加任何霜飾也很美味
4. 小蛋糕以水份較少的希臘乳酪為材料. 所以蛋糕糊很杰, 分配入紙模時蛋糕糊絶少滴在桌上, 减少了清潔工作
5. 配方混合使用低筋及中筋麵粉, 因此小蛋糕結構夠紮實可承托(大量的)霜飾重量, 但質地仍然是鬆軟的
This is my favourite chocolate cupcake recipe. I still haven’t found any other recipe better than this yet. I love these babies because of the following:
1. They are so chocolatey (one third of the flour component comes from cocoa powder)
2. They are super fast and easy to make. You simply use cold butter taken right out from the fridge. The preparation time is less than 5 minutes with a stand mixer. And most of all, there is only one dirty mixing bowl to clean up!
3. These cupcakes are crumbly and fluffy without being overly sweet. They pair up nicely with my silky Swiss meringue buttercream which is made with reduced amount of sugar as well. Of course you can enjoy them without any frosting.
4 The cake batter is thick as Greek yogurt is used, meaning absolutely no drippy mess when you transfer the batter into the cupcake liners.
5. The recipe calls for a combination of all-purpose and cake flours. As a result, the cupcakes will be sturdy enough to withstand the weight of the frosting (even a generous amount) but yet retain a super fluffy texture.
傳統蛋糕的做法(creaming method)是先將軟化牛油加糖打至鬆化, 再將蛋逐顆加入攪拌, 最後才將粉類及奶類隔着分次加入攪拌. 此配方做法有點特别, 用的是two-stage mixing method (或reverse creaming method). 意思是先將牛油與所有乾性材料拌匀, 然後才將其他濕性材料一次性加入拌勻. 當麵粉被牛油包裹着時, 就不會因過度攪拌而出筋, 因此蛋糕質地會變得很鬆軟. 蛋糕在焗的過程中沒有像傳統方法一樣有牛油加糖打發後做成的氣泡協助膨脹上升, 所以蛋糕會較平坦, 不會有小山丘的形狀出現, 有利於擠上各種霜飾. 倘若同一個配方以不同做法去做的話, 無論在成品的高度、蛋糕結構及口感上均有分别. 未試過用two-stage mixing method做蛋糕的話, 可以用自己常用的蛋糕配方改一改次序來做一個對比. 或許你會像我一樣愛上這個方便快捷的方法!
Cakes are traditionally made with the creaming method. You beat softened butter and sugar until pale and fluffy, incorporate the eggs one at a time, then add in flour and milk alternatively and mix until just combined. With this method you are sacrificing some tenderness because of the mixing. The cupcakes I share with you today are made a bit differently, namely with the two-stage mixing or the reverse creaming method. Dry ingredients are first combined with fats and later followed by the incorporation of liquid ingredients. When the flour is coated by fats (butter in this case), the formation of gluten is inhibited. The result is a tender cake with a velvety crumb. Cakes made this way also rise with a flatter dome and not as high as one made with the creaming method, in which the rise is created by the tiny air bubbles created during the creaming process. With the same recipe, you will get different results in terms of height, texture and mouthfeel. If you never heard of this mixing method, try one with a cake recipe you have baked before. Compare the results and see which method you prefer.
簡易朱古力杯子蛋糕 (可做12個小蛋糕或36個迷你小蛋糕)
Easy Chocolate Cupcakes (makes 12 regular or 36 mini cupcakes )
材料 Ingredients
中筋麵粉 All purpose flour 60g
低筋麵粉 Cake flour 30g
無糖可可粉 Unsweetened cocoa powder 50g
泡打粉 Baking powder 3/4 tsp
蘇打粉 Baking soda 1/2 tsp
鹽 Salt 1/4 tsp
砂糖 Granulated sugar 120g
凍牛油, 切小丁 Butter, cold, cut in cubes 114g (1 stick)
大蛋 Eggs, large 2
原味希臘乳酪 Plain Greek yogurt 120g
Vanilla bean paste 1 tsp
詳細圖解做法請進入圖片
Please click into each picture for detailed instructions
減糖版瑞士蛋白奶油霜食譜可參考這裏:
Recipe for Swiss meringue buttercream (made with reduced amount of sugar) can be found here:
https://www.facebook.com/ECBakes/posts/746045415452025
備註
1. 可用純雲尼拿油或雲尼拿籽取替vanilla bean paste
2. 可用普通乳酪取替希臘乳酪. 但普通乳酪水份較多, 蛋糕糊會較稀
3. 這是减糖配方, 嗜甜的可增加糖量
4. 食譜參考並改良自 Baking a moment simply perfect chocolate cupcakes
Notes
1. Vanilla bean paste may be replaced with vanilla bean or pure vanilla extract.
2. Greek yogurt may be replaced with regular yogurt. Regular yogurt is more watery so batter will not be as thick.
3. I have tweaked the original recipe a bit and reduced the sugar amount. You may add more sugar if you prefer a sweeter taste.
4. This recipe is adapted from simply perfect chocolate cupcakes by Baking a moment (http://bakingamoment.com/simply-perfect-chocolate-cupcakes/)
adapted meaning 在 Adapt Meaning - YouTube 的推薦與評價
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