【20191101 口袋日常新聞】
Twitter 禁止政治廣告
- Twitter 將在 11/22 全面禁止政治廣告
- 新的政治廣告規範將在 11/15 實施
- 美國總統候選人 Joe BIden 要求 Facebook、Twitter 和 Youtube 禁止投放虛假廣告
- Facebook 認為社群平台不該進行言論核實,這違反了言論自由
- Twitter 則是準備開始規範了
- 附上 Twitter CEO John Dorsey 的發表內容
Dorsey’s full statement on the rule change is below (emojis removed):
We’ve made the decision to stop all political advertising on Twitter globally. We believe political message reach should be earned, not bought. Why? A few reasons...
Political message earns reach when people decide to follow an account or retweet. Paying for reach removes that decision, forcing highly optimized and targeted political messages on people. We believe this decision should not be compromised by money.
While internet advertising is incredibly powerful and very effective for commercial advertisers, that power brings significant risks to politics, where it can be used to influence votes to affect the lives of millions.
Internet political ads present entirely new challenges to civic discourse: machine learning-based optimization of messaging and micro-targeting, unchecked misleading information, and deep fakes. All at increasing velocity, sophistication, and overwhelming scale.
These challenges will affect ALL internet communication, not just political ads. Best to focus our efforts on the root problems, without the additional burden and complexity taking money brings. Trying to fix both means fixing neither well, and harms our credibility.
For instance, it‘s not credible for us to say: “We’re working hard to stop people from gaming our systems to spread misleading info, buuut if someone pays us to target and force people to see their political ad…well...they can say whatever they want!
We considered stopping only candidate ads, but issue ads present a way to circumvent. Additionally, it isn’t fair for everyone but candidates to buy ads for issues they want to push. So we’re stopping these too.
We’re well aware we‘re a small part of a much larger political advertising ecosystem. Some might argue our actions today could favor incumbents. But we have witnessed many social movements reach massive scale without any political advertising. I trust this will only grow.
In addition, we need more forward-looking political ad regulation (very difficult to do). Ad transparency requirements are progress, but not enough. The internet provides entirely new capabilities, and regulators need to think past the present day to ensure a level playing field.
We’ll share the final policy by 11/15, including a few exceptions (ads in support of voter registration will still be allowed, for instance). We’ll start enforcing our new policy on 11/22 to provide current advertisers a notice period before this change goes into effect.
A final note. This isn’t about free expression. This is about paying for reach. And paying to increase the reach of political speech has significant ramifications that today’s democratic infrastructure may not be prepared to handle. It’s worth stepping back in order to address.
➡️ 原文連結 http://bit.ly/34o9GtT
➡️ 新聞來源 The Verge
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過3,440的網紅麥克韮啦 MikeGela,也在其Youtube影片中提到,情人節快到了,你是不是想知道要如何讓喜歡的對象愛上你,好好談場戀愛呢?讓麥克韮啦告訴你,如何利用戀愛的科學讓對方對你好感大增!快用這三個科學證明,簡單、不容易出錯的小技巧,輕鬆追到她/他吧! 麥克韮啦 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/MikeGelaOffic...
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affect effect influence 在 IELTS Thanh Loan Facebook 的最佳解答
#IELTS_Grammar_Etrain #IELTS_Vocabulary_Etrain
Sự khác biệt giữa 3 từ Influence – Effect – Impact là gì?
Nếu chỉ phân loại riêng từ Effect và Affect thì mình nghĩ các bạn đã rất quen rồi nhưng để phân loại cả 3 từ trên thì chưa chắc bạn nào cũng biết đâu nhé. Hôm nay cô sẽ giúp các bạn tìm ra sự khác biệt về cách sử dụng và nét nghĩa của 3 từ trên nhé.
1. Phân biệt Effect và Affect
⭐ Affect somebody/something (v) to produce a change in somebody/something (Là động từ và không có giới từ ở đằng sau)
Eg: The condition affects one in five women
⭐ Effect (on somebody/something) (n) a change that somebody/something causes in somebody/something else; a result (Là danh từ và cần có từ “on” ở phía sau)
Eg: Modern farming methods can have an adverse effect on the environment
Ngoài ra từ Effect còn một số nét nghĩa khác nữa nhưng không quá phổ biến nên mình không nhắc đến nhé.
2. Phân biệt từ Influence và Impact
⭐ Influence (on/upon somebody/something) (n) the effect that somebody/something has on the way a person thinks or behaves or on the way that something works or develops (Danh từ và cần có từ on/upon ở phía sau)
Eg: The climate change has exerted strong influences on agricultural production
⭐ Influence somebody/something (v) (Đồng thời nó cũng là động từ và không có “on” ở phía sau)
⭐ Impact (of something) (on somebody/something) (n) The powerful effect that something has on somebody/something (Danh từ và cần có từ on/upon ở phía sau)
Eg: The development of tourism has adverse impacts on the environment.
⭐ Impact on/upon something (Đồng thời nó cũng là động từ và có “on” ở phía sau)
Eg: Her father's death impacted greatly on her childhood years.
Tóm tắt ngắn gọn lại để các bạn dễ hiểu và dễ nhớ nhé:
☀ (Noun) To have/ exert effects on ST = To have/ exert influences on ST = To have/ exert impacts on ST
☀ (Verb) To affect ST = To influence ST = To impact ON ST
Cụm từ này sử dụng rất nhiều trong Writing và Speaking đó, nên các bạn hãy lưu ý và sử dụng đúng nhé. Comment bên dưới nếu còn điều gì bạn thắc mắc để cô giúp bạn trả lời nhé.
affect effect influence 在 Firdaus Wong Wai Hung Facebook 的最讚貼文
[What Does Religions Say About Alcohol]
Alcohol is a type of drink with alcoholic substance that is able to make an individual drunk. Even if it can only affect the individual in a large quantity, drinking it in a lesser quantity is still considered as alcohol as it has the criteria of an alcoholic beverage.
The history of alcohol invention is lengthy, referring to an article by National Geographic: The Birth of Booze, proofs that earliest trace of alcohol was found at Jiahu, China. Among the ingredients used to make an alcoholic beverage are corn, barley, rice, wheat flour, grapes, sugarcane and many more.
Religion and Alcohol
Religion came to guide human being with the laws by the Creator (Allah) in order that human being will not cause destruction to this world. Alcohol is the mother of immoral behavior, the mind of a drunken individual will not function rationally and his action will be beyond his control. In fact, the majority of religions forbid the consumption of alcohol. Previously, Islam in the only religion that famously known for its prohibition of alcohol, however it is to note that other religion also prohibits it:
Islam
In Islam, the number of verses concerning the prohibition of alcohol are lesser than other religions such as in the Bible and Hindu scriptures. Even so, as Muslim means someone whom submits to the command of Allah hence the amount of verses is not the main focus instead it is the command in the scripture that takes into account. That is the reason why Muslims are more sensitive when it comes to alcohol. Below are verses in the Holy Quran that mentions the prohibition of alcohol.
a) Al-Ma’idah 5:90,
b) Al-Baqarah 2:219,
c) An-Nahl 16:97
Hinduism
Verses that prohibits the consumption of alcohol:
a) Rigveda book 8 hymn 2 verse 12,
b) Rigveda book 8 hymn 21 verse 14,
c) Athravaveda 6: 70: 1,
d) Manusmriti Scripture 7: 47-50,
e) Manusmriti: 11: 55,
f) Manusmriti 11: 91.
g) In the Manusmriti Scripture 9:225, the selling of alcohol is also forbidden.
In Hinduism, Soma and Sura drink are differentiated. Soma is a fermented juice drink used in religion ritual (Vedic Times) and it is said to be an alcoholic beverage that is mentioned numerous times in Veda (Rig Veda 1:116:7, 8:2:12, 10:131:4-5) however, the ingredient for this beverage is already extinct and cannot be made today. There are opinions that it is made from milk or a climbing plant which thrives in mountain areas. (Mark Cartwright: Ancient History Encyclopedia: Soma: 2016).
While Sura is a form of liquor, same as other kinds of alcoholic beverage available in this era. According to Madhavi Bhaskar Kokhatkar in his journal “Review: Surā, The Liquor and The Vedic Sacrifice”, it stated that Sura or this liquor is forbidden in Hinduism.
Even though Veda allows the consumption of Soma, at the same time it forbids the consumption of alcoholic beverage (Sura):
“Weak minds are attracted towards meat, alcohol, sensuality and womanizing. But O non-violent mind, you focus your mind towards the world in same manner as a mother cares for her child.” (Athravaveda: 6: 70: 1)
One becomes sinful if he or she crosses even one of the 7 restraints. Yaskacharya defines these 7 sins in his Nirukta as: Theft, Adultery, Murder of a noble person, Abortion, Dishonesty, Repeating misdeeds and consumption of alcohol. (Rigveda 10:5:6)
This shows that drinking alcoholic beverage is forbidden and there are many verses in the Manusmriti scripture that prohibit the consumption of Sura.
“Killing a Brahmana, drinking (the spirituous liquor called) Sura, stealing (the gold of a Brahmana), adultery with a Guru's wife, and associating with such (fenders), they declare (to be) mortal sins (mahapataka).” (Manusmriti: 11: 55)
“A twice-born man who has (intentionally) drunk, through delusion of mind, (the spirituous liquor called) Sura shall drink that liquor boiling hot; when his body has been completely scalded by that, he is freed from his guilt.” (Manusmriti 11: 91)
In fact, on early April 2016 it did not become an issue when the Chief Minister of Bihar state, Nitish Kumar prohibits alcohol in the state with the majority is Hindu.
Buddhism
According to Buddha teachings of Pencasila (Five Precepts), the last precepts states that one must avoid intoxicating beverage. In the Pali language “Suramerayamajja pamadatthana veramani sikkhapadam samadiyami” translated as abstaining oneself from drinking intoxicating beverage.
Even a Buddhist Monk by the name of Master Hsing Yun in his book, The Five Precepts states it is still forbidden to consume even a little of alcohol. Same goes to other Buddhist monk and scholars:
“The Vibhanga states that even as little as a drop the size of a dewdrop on the tip of a balde of grass is enough to constitute a violation. So, having even small glass of wine, even if it does not make one drunk, is a transgression.” (Veberable Fa Xun: One Life Five Precepts: 2011: page 73)
“It it known that intoxicants even in small amounts can make one less sensitive, heedless and easily swayed by the defilements. As one starts to enjoy getting high on intoxicants, the effect becomes addictive and usage increases.” (Chan Khoon San, Introductory Course in Buddhism: 2002 page 89)
Judaism
In the Old Testament, there are many verses on the prohibition of alcohol:
a) Leviticus 10:9,
b) Numbers 6:3,
c) Deuteronomy 29:6,
d) Judges 13: 4,
e) Judges 14: 1,
f) Samuel 1: 15,
h) Proverbs 20: 1, 31: 4-6,
g) Isaiah 5: 11, 22: 24: 9, 28: 9,
h) Micah 2: 11
Christianity
Prohibition of alcohol is as stated in the Old Testament while in the New Testament Luke 1:15 and Ephesians 5: 18.
Sikhism
In Sikhism scripture, Guru Granth Sahib Ji compilation of Guru Gobing Singh, there is prohibition of alcohol consumption:
“Drinking the wine, his intelligence departs, and madness enters his mind.” (Sri Guru Granth Sahib: Page 554)
In Sikhism, there are 5 basic prohibitions;
1) Cutting ones hair
2) Bad behavior
3) Smoking
4) Eating meat killed in a ritualistic manner
5) Alcohol consumption
Alcohol in Religious Practices
Alcohol is used in religious practices of some Animism religion and spirit worshipers. This is also the same for some of the biggest cult in Africa and the African American community such as Candomble, Kumina, Voodoo, Umbanda, Quimbanda, Santeria and many others.
Besides that, alcohol is also used as part of religious ritual in some Christian’s teachings. For example Black Christ uses alcohol due to the syncretism people practice (animism) adding on with the teachings of Christianity by Christian missionaries so that there is alcohol in religion.
Apart from that, the consumption of alcohol in Christianity is due to misinterpretation of the texts from the Bible. Even though there are prohibitions in the Bible, the justification given is that alcohol can be consumed as long as one refrains from getting drunk. There is also commentary that the verses were revealed in the ancient times and the situation is not the same as today.
Besides that, another interpretation is the prohibition is specifically for the Jews hence the Gentiles is allowed to consume alcohol. There are even more misinterpretations made towards the verses.
That is one of the main factors resulting in the corruption of religion. Syncretism from other beliefs mixed with religious practices between one religion and another, also the misinterpretation of liberals that deviate from the original text.
Summary
The majority of religion prohibits alcohol. Even logically, human beings will refuse the harming effects of alcohol consumption. If the benefits and detrimental effects of alcohol were to be compared, indefinitely the detrimental effects are greater. In fact, due to alcohol consumption an individual can easily engaged in crime as the mind is in an unstable condition. Due to the same reason also, there are laws made worldwide on driving under the influence of alcohol. A human being with a sane mind will surely refrain from alcohol consumption, specifically because it is the command of Allah and also because of the harmful effects. A story taken from the Buddhist Monk, Master Hsing Yun in his book The Five Precepts:
“There once was a man who wanted to “just have a little drink,” but he did not have a dish of food to go with it. Seeing that his next-door neighbour was raising an old hen that was cackling away, he stole the hen and killed it to make a dish to eat while he drank his liquor. Thus he had broken the precepts against killing and stealing in one fell swoop. When the lady of the house next door came home and asked about her hen, the man told her that he had not seen it, thereby breaking the precept against lying. By now the man was a bit drunk, and seeing how beautiful the woman was, he started flirting with her and touching her in an indecent manner. Consequently, he also broke the precept against sexual misconduct. It was because of consuming intoxicants that all five precepts were broken in one stroke.”
Just a little drink drove a human being into violating the laws and tenets, hence alcohol can be describe as mother of all evil. As stated in a Hadith الخمر أم الخبائث “Alcohol is the mother of all evil” (Silasat al-Hadith as-Sahiha no:1854).
Allah knows best.
affect effect influence 在 麥克韮啦 MikeGela Youtube 的精選貼文
情人節快到了,你是不是想知道要如何讓喜歡的對象愛上你,好好談場戀愛呢?讓麥克韮啦告訴你,如何利用戀愛的科學讓對方對你好感大增!快用這三個科學證明,簡單、不容易出錯的小技巧,輕鬆追到她/他吧!
麥克韮啦 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/MikeGelaOfficial/
麥克韮啦 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/mike_gela/
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References:
1. Jecker J, Landy D. Liking a Person as a Function of Doing Him a Favour. Hum Relations. 1969;22:371–8.
2. Bargh JA, Chen M, Burrows L. Automaticity of Social Behavior: Direct Effects of Trait Construct and Stereotype Activation on Action. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996;71:230–44.
3. Guéguen N. Courtship compliance: The effect of touch on women’s behavior. Soc Influ. 2007;2:81–97.
4. Crusco AH, Wetzel CG. The Midas Touch: The Effects of Interpersonal Touch on Restaurant Tipping. Personal Soc Psychol Bull. 1984;10:512–7.
5. Fisher JD, Rytting M, Heslin R. Hands Touching Hands : Affective and Evaluative Effects of an Interpersonal Touch. Sociometry. 1976;39:416–21.
6. Morhenn VB, Park JW, Piper E, Zak PJ. Monetary sacrifice among strangers is mediated by endogenous oxytocin release after physical contact. Evol Hum Behav. 2008;29:375–83.
7. Holt-Lunstad J, Birmingham W, C Light K. Influence of a “Warm Touch” Support Enhancement Intervention Among Married Couples on Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Oxytocin, Alpha Amylase, and Cortisol. Psychosom Med. 2008;70:976–85.
8. STOCK S, UVNÄS‐MOBERG K. Increased plasma levels of oxytocin in response to afferent electrical stimulation of the sciatic and vagal nerves and in response to touch and pinch in anaesthetized rats. Acta Physiol Scand. 1988;132:29–34.
9. Handlin L, Hydbring-Sandberg E, Nilsson A, Ejdebäck M, Jansson A, Uvnäs-Moberg K. Short-term interaction between dogs and their owners: Effects on oxytocin, cortisol, insulin and heart rate-an exploratory study. Anthrozoos. 2011;24:301–15.
10. Chartrand TL, Bargh JA. The Chameleon Effect: The Perception-Behavior Link and Social Interaction Tanya. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1999;76:893–910.
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Credits:
Oxytocin molecule structure: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxytocin
Confused man:
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Light bulb:
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Librarian:
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Dance invitation:
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A guy asking for number:
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Baby mirroring:
https://haven.ca/stay-connected/news/power-direct-mirroring
Obama mirroring:
http://www.thriveafterabuse.com/red-flag-4-mirroring/
Mirror neuron:
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Child imitating parent:
https://www.delawareshc.org/talking-begins-with-imitation/
One Direction dancing:
https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/12/18/one-direction-dance-gifs_n_4461463.html
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#戀愛的科學
affect effect influence 在 差在哪?!快速搞懂affect, affection, effect, influence易混淆字! 的推薦與評價
多益秒殺題完全拿分 易混淆字、相似字辨識、同音字、同義字一次搞懂 Chris讓你多益考試準備效率加倍 英文單字的形音義學習上,大家學習的過程 ... ... <看更多>
affect effect influence 在 "Affect" / "Impact" / "Influence" 的推薦與評價
"Affect" almost always is used when some effects cause a change take place. "Impact" is used when some strong effects happen as a result. " ... ... <看更多>
affect effect influence 在 台大升學輔導種子計畫- 【英文知識卡】 affect、effect、impact 的推薦與評價
our living standard. (物價上漲對於我們的生活水平有極大的影響) Domestic violence has negative influences on a child's development. (家庭暴力對 ... ... <看更多>