【奧林匹克式舉重動作不能捨棄的理由】
分享《The System: Soviet Periodization Adapted for the American Strength Coach》書中對奧林匹克式舉重的看法。該書的作者們並沒有否定專項訓練的重要性,但強調現階段(美國許多力量教練)用其他動作「取代」奧林匹克式舉重是不智的作法,主要的理由是上膊和抓舉能訓練到「大範圍動作」與「全身性」的「爆發力」與「速度」。下面附上原文、我的譯文和懸垂式上膊的訓練側拍影片:
--
#以下為譯文,最後附上原文,若有發現翻譯不到位或有問題的地方,非常歡迎也希望各界指正!
--
近年來,隨著人們越來越重視力量訓練中的安全性,以及所謂的「專項力量」訓練,奧林匹克式舉重動作已不再受到許多力量教練的青睞。主要的理由是,如果運動員不是要參加奧林匹克舉重比賽,有更好的爆發力訓練動作可以選,它們更容易轉化為運動賽場上的成績,而且這些動作不用移動那麼大的重量,所以對身體的壓力與風險會低很多。
為了甩開風險,有許多擲藥球或更有創意的動作已經在許多運動團隊的力量課表中取代上膊、抓舉、挺舉。在我們看來,這個鐘擺甩得太遠了,這些動作一直都能培養出世界上最強、最具爆發力運動員,現在卻要完全捨棄,實在太過極端。
我們要瞭解奧林匹克式舉重動作的主要目的是:通過「大範圍的動作」(特別是下肢)在全身產生最大的爆發力。
專攻奧林匹克式舉重選手和特別注重專項力量訓練的選手,這兩者的訓練課表,你最常發現的區別是:舉重選手是透過大範圍且快速的動作來訓練下肢;換言之,後者的動作幅度大都比較小。很多教練出於善意,使用了許多替代舉重的練習動作,但這些練習並沒有辦法達到舉重動作所需的柔韌性、協調性與力量輸出。
使用奧林匹克式舉重動作可以訓練到關節在較大彎屈幅度時的爆發力和穩定度,那也是身體在賽場上可能會碰到的幅度。(譯者註:當然對純跑者和泳者來說就並非如此了,不過自行車選手和大部分的球類運動相當符合)
一位運動員在進行完整的抓舉、挺舉時,如果進步太快或是沒有經過正確的指導再加上大重量,的確會導致受傷。但所有的訓練動作都是這樣,只要進階太快、操作不當或重量太重都會受傷,所以問題不在動作,而在於教練沒讓運動員準備好。
像美式足球或籃球這種運動的動作幅度很大,執行動作時需要高度的柔軟度與力量;在提升這些能力上,奧林匹克式舉重動作會比擲藥球的訓練更有效率。這些動作並不危險,只要你能先評估他們的身體是否有能力安全完成這些動作,事先對舉重動作進行規劃與指導,以及循序漸近地增加重量和動作難度,那麼很多顧慮都會消失。
當你能有效且適當地進行奧林匹克式舉重訓練,你會發現它的好處遠遠大於缺點。
(但作者也強調並不是每個人一開始都適合練奧林匹克式舉重動作)
一開始先別進行大量且高強度的奧林匹克式舉重訓練,最好先等到運動員們至少已經練了幾年之後才能大量的練。如果他們在早期要發展爆發力,可在運動員學習和改善舉重動作時先進行「跳躍」與「增強式訓練」。
無論什麼動作,練熟了動作的技術之後,接下來「速度」是第一位。雖然體育界很重視力量和肌肥大,但力量所表現出來的速度才是真正分出運動員實力差異的關鍵所在。
在健力(powerlifting)比賽中,動作的速度並不重要,目標是舉得更重,不管花多長時間,比賽結果只看重量。但在美式足球場上,最強壯的線鋒球員若不能迅速將力量轉化為控制對手防守球員的能力,他們就不能算是成功的進攻組球員。同理,一位能肩推數百磅重的鉛球選手,如果他不能用全身的力量來加速擲出鉛球,他也將無法把獎牌帶回家。
--
#原文如下
THE OLYMPIC LIFTING CONTROVERSY
In recent years with the increasing emphasis on safety in strength training and what is termed “sport specific” training, the Olympic lifts have fallen out of favor with many strength coaches. The argument is that if you are not competing in Olympic lifting, there are better options for training explosive strength that translate more readily to sports performance, without the risks and strain inherent in rapidly moving heavy weights.
Variations of medicine ball throws or more creative exercises have taken the place of cleans, snatches, and jerks in the strength programming of many teams as coaches try to reduce those risks. In our opinion, the pendulum has swung too far away from using the movements that have consistently produced the strongest and most explosive athletes in the world.
The main goal of the Olympic lifts is to generate maximal power and explosive strength in the entire body through large ranges of motion, particularly for the lower extremities.
The differences you will most often find between the training regimen of an Olympic weightlifter and of athletes performing more “sport specific” training are that weightlifters consistently take the lower extremities through high-speed, large range-of-motion exercises. Many of the substituted movements and exercises used by a well-intentioned strength coach do not come close to demanding and developing the flexibility, coordination, and force output demanded by the weightlifting exercises.
It is true that subjecting an athlete to a full snatch or jerk with a substantial amount of weight without the proper instruction or progression will often result in injury. However, that holds true for any exercise. It is not the fault of the exercise, but rather the coach’s fault for failing to prepare the athlete to succeed.
Dynamic sports like football or basketball require suppleness and strength expressed through large ranges of motion; the Olympic lifts are more effective at facilitating those qualities than a medicine ball toss. If you assess an athlete to be physically capable of performing the movements safely and if the lifts are programmed and coached effectively and progressed in both weight and complexity, many concerns diminish.
You will discover that when implemented effectively and appropriately, the benefits of the Olympic lifts far outweigh the drawbacks.
A significantly high volume of Olympic lifting is best left to the athletes with at least a few years of training under their belts. For developing athletes such as these, the power and explosive qualities can be addressed through jumping or plyometric training as the Olympic lifts are coached and refined over time.
After mastering technical efficiency and form, no matter what the movement, speed should always be the priority. Although strength and muscle hypertrophy are important in the world of sports, the rapid expression of that strength is what separates athletes on the field of play.
In the sport of powerlifting, the speed of the movement is not critical. The goal is to lift the maximum weight, however long it takes. On the football field, the strongest linemen will rarely succeed if they cannot rapidly translate that strength to control an oncoming defender. A shot putter who can military press hundreds of pounds will not take home a medal without the ability to explosively accelerate the entire body to throw the shot.
(extracted from page 101~102)
--
若有發現翻譯不到位或有問題的地方,非常歡迎也希望各界指正!
同時也有16部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過5萬的網紅Hunter 物理治療師,也在其Youtube影片中提到,【教練,我想打籃球─十字韌帶重建後何時可以回去運動?】 有在運動或看運動賽事的人,應該對於十字韌帶斷裂這樣的運動傷害不陌生。雖然現今的醫療可以將斷掉的十字韌帶做重建,但並不是每一位運動員都能在手術後順利重返運動賽事,或是恢復到和過去一樣的運動表現。根據統計,如果不計運動賽事等級的話,在十字韌帶重建後...
「do sport or do sports」的推薦目錄:
- 關於do sport or do sports 在 Facebook 的最佳貼文
- 關於do sport or do sports 在 IELTS Thanh Loan Facebook 的最佳解答
- 關於do sport or do sports 在 Hunter 物理治療師 Facebook 的最佳解答
- 關於do sport or do sports 在 Hunter 物理治療師 Youtube 的最佳解答
- 關於do sport or do sports 在 kinryyy Youtube 的最佳解答
- 關於do sport or do sports 在 Lukas Engström Youtube 的最佳解答
do sport or do sports 在 IELTS Thanh Loan Facebook 的最佳解答
CÂU HỎI & BÀI MẪU IELTS SPEAKING - CHỦ ĐỀ SPORTS
Các bạn tham khảo chi tiết ở đây:https://ielts-thanhloan.com/goc-tu-van/speaking-topic-sports.html
1. Do you like sports?
Yes, I’m really keen on sports. I hit the gym club on a daily basis and have my personal trainer help me reach my fitness goal. By taking part in some activities at the gym like running or riding bicycle, I also refresh my mind and recharge my battery.
2. Do you often watch sports on TV?
To be honest, watching sport is not really my cup of tea because I find it rather boring. Moreover, as I’m always busy with my work and study, I spare my leisure time to pursue other interests like listening to American music or going shopping.
3. What is the most popular sport in your country?
In my country, football is the most common sport activity and it acquires its reputation for The King of Sports. Two teams will defend in a football pitch, try to take possession of the ball, pass it to the teammates and aim to score a goal. They also try to avoid injuries and booking. People prefer football than any kinds of sports because of the animating atmosphere it brings back.
4. Do you prefer watching or playing sports?
Absolutely I’d prefer engaging in some sport activities rather than to sit in a dump place to watch others having fun. Firstly, playing sports helps us to keep fit and stay healthy. Secondly, it also enhances people’s competitiveness to win a match. Finally, I believe that sports also teach us about discipline to play fair and how to cooperate with other people to blow a competition away.
5. Are boys and girls interested in the same sports?
Obviously there are outstanding differences in the sports activities that both genders are keen on participating in. For boys, they are into some strenuous sports like volleyball, badminton to build up their strength and muscle. However, girls are big fans of some relaxing activities like yoga or ballet to get into shape and stay healthy.
6. Do you often exercise?
I used to be a couch potato, but then I gain a lot of weight, making me unable to put on any of my favorite clothes. And this had pushed me to hit the gym every day to lose the pounds. I has stuck with it for about few months now and the result is so amazing! I can be confident with my body again now.
7. How do you exercise?
When going to the gym, the very first step that I need to take is to do some warm up by stretching, bending over and doing jumping jack. After this stage, I will work out very intensely with some exercises like deadlift or squat, which can put my muscles in pain for the first few days.
8. Will you exercise in the future?
Yes, definitely. I will take up football, which is the type of sport that I have always wanted to try. I’ll start it by practicing controlling the ball with my legs, and then I will find a friend who plays semi-professionally and ask him to teach me in more details. If I do well with it, maybe I will join in a local football club.
do sport or do sports 在 Hunter 物理治療師 Facebook 的最佳解答
【教練,我想打籃球─十字韌帶重建後何時可以回去運動?】
有在運動或看運動賽事的人,應該對於十字韌帶斷裂這樣的運動傷害不陌生。雖然現今的醫療可以將斷掉的十字韌帶做重建,但並不是每一位運動員都能在手術後順利重返運動賽事,或是恢復到和過去一樣的運動表現。根據統計,如果不計運動賽事等級的話,在十字韌帶重建後能回到運動場上的比例大約落在56%-100% (不同研究有不同結果)。但如果要恢復到受傷前的運動表現的話,則只有13%-69%的人有機會能做到。即使回去運動後,也有20%-25%的機會再一次受傷。在面對韌帶重建的個案時,我們是否有甚麼方法可以評估個案是否具備回到運動場上的能力,或是個案達到甚麼標準之後,未來受傷機率可以比較低呢?這次的影片將跟大家分享四個用來評估十字韌帶重建後,何時可以重返運動場上的測試動作。
People who like to play sports or watch sport events might be familiar with ACL rupture. Although we can reconstruct the ruptured ACL with modern medical technology, not every athlete can return to sports after the reconstruction, not to say regain his previous performance level. It has been indicated that the rate of return to sport at any level ranged from 56%-100% (Different research has different result.). However, only 13%-69% athletes can regain their pre-injury level of performance. After back to sport, up to 20%-25% athletes will experience contralateral tear or re-rupture. When faced with those ACL reconstruction clients, do we have any method to evaluate whether client is ready to return to sport? Is there any standard client can achieve, which indicate the risk of injury could be relatively low? Today’s video will show you 4 single-leg hop tests commonly used to assess functional performance and predict when to return to sport for ACL reconstruction clients.
參考資料:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31272644/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31745732/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27215935/
#教練我想打球 #十字韌帶斷裂 #重建 #運動員 #受傷機率 #物理治療 #跳躍測試 #ACLrupture #reconstruction #athlete #physiotherapy #hoptest #backtosport #riskofinjury
do sport or do sports 在 Hunter 物理治療師 Youtube 的最佳解答
【教練,我想打籃球─十字韌帶重建後何時可以回去運動?】
有在運動或看運動賽事的人,應該對於十字韌帶斷裂這樣的運動傷害不陌生。雖然現今的醫療可以將斷掉的十字韌帶做重建,但並不是每一位運動員都能在手術後順利重返運動賽事,或是恢復到和過去一樣的運動表現。根據統計,如果不計運動賽事等級的話,在十字韌帶重建後能回到運動場上的比例大約落在56%-100% (不同研究有不同結果)。但如果要恢復到受傷前的運動表現的話,則只有13%-69%的人有機會能做到。即使回去運動後,也有20%-25%的機會再一次受傷。在面對韌帶重建的個案時,我們是否有甚麼方法可以評估個案是否具備回到運動場上的能力,或是個案達到甚麼標準之後,未來受傷機率可以比較低呢?這次的影片將跟大家分享四個用來評估十字韌帶重建後,何時可以重返運動場上的測試動作。
People who like to play sports or watch sport events might be familiar with ACL rupture. Although we can reconstruct the ruptured ACL with modern medical technology, not every athlete can return to sports after the reconstruction, not to say regain his previous performance level. It has been indicated that the rate of return to sport at any level ranged from 56%-100% (Different research has different result.). However, only 13%-69% athletes can regain their pre-injury level of performance. After back to sport, up to 20%-25% athletes will experience contralateral tear or re-rupture. When faced with those ACL reconstruction clients, do we have any method to evaluate whether client is ready to return to sport? Is there any standard client can achieve, which indicate the risk of injury could be relatively low? Today’s video will show you 4 single-leg hop tests commonly used to assess functional performance and predict when to return to sport for ACL reconstruction clients.
參考資料:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31272644/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31745732/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27215935/
#教練我想打球 #十字韌帶斷裂 #重建 #運動員 #受傷機率 #物理治療 #跳躍測試 #ACLrupture #reconstruction #athlete #physiotherapy #hoptest #backtosport #riskofinjury
do sport or do sports 在 kinryyy Youtube 的最佳解答
this vlog is filmed by a 13yo school kid in a documentary-style... sorry:D
-
follow my
INSTAGRAM→ @kinryyy
https://www.instagram.com/kinryyy/
VK→ https://vk.com/kinryyy
TikTok→ @kinrusha
EMAIL→ kinryanmusic@gmail.com
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You can support me via PayPal! sponsor my fries hehe
https://paypal.me/kinryyy
or
kinryanmusic@gmail.com
Please write to me on email/ins so I can have a chance to say thank you!
#grwm #asianboy #vlogging #morningroutine
do sport or do sports 在 Lukas Engström Youtube 的最佳解答
Do you want to see MORE videos like this one? Please consider supporting me on Patreon as all my income will go directly back into the channel and cover either future travels or other resources: https://www.patreon.com/LukasEngstrom
Special thanks to ADATA for the support! Please check out the translator here:
https://www.adata.com/en/feature/624/
Want to see photos from our adventures before everyone else and/or suggest what I should check out next?!
Please follow me on:
Facebook: www.facebook.com/LukasTaiwan
Instagram: www.instagram.com/LukasEngstrom
Business inquiries:
中文/English
創作者經紀人/Contact person: - Maggie
Line ID: @rog8149u
Email: lukas@ruredi.co
All music from Epidemic Sound: http://share.epidemicsound.com/DlqDP
The following is the gear I’m using when making my videos. I’m part of Amazon Services LLC Associates Program which means that I will get a small commission if you purchase anything via my links. Any commission I’ll be getting will go straight back into buying new gear for my future videos, so any sort of support is highly appreciated!
MAIN GEAR:
Insta360: https://www.insta360.com/sal/onex_real_estate_kit?insrc=INR0P5F
Camera: Canon EOS R: https://amzn.to/2CAybbh
Lens: Canon RF 24-70mm F2.8 L IS USM: https://amzn.to/34RDy1V
Insta360 One X: https://amzn.to/2KfwBjd
Tripod: JOBY GorillaPod 5K Kit: https://amzn.to/36VxMhy
Microphone: RØDE VideoMic Pro+: https://amzn.to/2Tg9mbx
Drone: DJI Mavic 2 Zoom: https://amzn.to/2Sak4CX
Mavic 2 Fly More Kit: https://amzn.to/2TlpLLT
Gimbal: DJI Ronin-S Handheld 3-Axis: https://amzn.to/2NG4L20
2x SanDisk Extreme Pro Memory Card (128GB): https://amzn.to/2Oi0CQX
Bag: Lowepro ProTactic BP 450 AW II:https://amzn.to/2NDbCsN
BACK-UP GEAR:
Camera: Canon M50: https://amzn.to/2Tf998r
Lens: Canon EF 24mm f/1.4L II USM: https://amzn.to/2O0a62Y
Lens: Canon EF 50mm f/1.8 STM https://amzn.to/2O5DJA0
Lens: Canon EF-S 10-18mm f/4.5-5.6 IS STM: https://amzn.to/2X88oR7
Canon EOS M Mount Adapter: https://amzn.to/2O1jH9I
Canon EF-EOS R Mount Adapter: https://amzn.to/2NDak0V
JOBY Gorillapod 3K: https://amzn.to/2S3GQfR
OTHER GEAR:
ADATA SD600Q SSD (240GB): https://amzn.to/2Wp28Tf
ADATA D8000L LED Power Bank: https://amzn.to/34MrlLY
Transcend ESD240C Portable SSD (480GB): https://amzn.to/2X5L7xW
Transcend ESD350C Portable SSD (480GB): https://amzn.to/32LBzeg
Transcend StoreJet 25MC HDD (1TB): https://amzn.to/2KekmUd
Transcend 128GB microSD: https://amzn.to/2tCkOmw
MacBook Pro 15” - TouchBar: https://amzn.to/2p7rSsy
Asus VP28UQG 28" 4K/UHD monitor: https://amzn.to/2CE5eeI
Special thanks to STC for helping me out with filters:
STC website:https://stcoptics.com/en/
STC Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/STCOptics/
CPL:https://stcoptics.com/en/shvcpl/
VND:https://stcoptics.com/en/vnd/
ICELAVA:https://stcoptics.com/en/icelava/
E-shop:https://shop.stcoptics.com/