關於 technology era ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

ref: https://www.infoworld.com/article/3632142/how-docker-broke-in-half.html

這篇文章是作者訪談多位前任/現任的 Docker 員工，Docker 社群貢獻者， Docker 消費者以及市場分析師的相關心得文，目的是想要探討 Docker 商業模式的成功與失敗，到底目前 Docker 商業模式的進展是否有跡可循，以及我們可以從這些歷史決策中學到什麼?

Docker 不是輕量級虛擬化技術的開創者，但是卻是個將 Container 這個技術給推向所有開發者的重要推手，Docker 簡化整體的操作使得每個開發者都可以輕鬆的享受到 Container 的好處，但是從結果論來說， Docker 還是於 2019 年 11 月給 Mirantis 給收購了
到底 Docker 的商業模式哪一步走錯了，接下來就跟者作者一起去訪談與思考。

[Docker 的誕生之路]
Solomon Hykes(文章很多該人看法) 於 2008 年創辦一間專注提供 Platform as a Serivce 的公司, DotCloud，該公司希望讓開發者可以更簡易的去建置與部署開發的應用程式，該公司的底層技術後來也由 Docker 繼續沿用，當然創辦 Docker 的依然是 Solomon Hykes。
Docker 開源專案誕生之後吸引了全球目光，除了來自各地的使用與開發者外，大型公司如 Microsfot,AWS,IBM 等都也加入，但是就跟其他基於開源專案的軟體公司一樣， Docker 也面臨的商業模式的問題，這種類型的軟體公司到底要如何穩定獲利?
從 2021 往回看，一個很簡短的說法可以說是 Docker 的企業化管理工具 Docker Swarm 還沒有站穩腳步之時就遇到 Kubernetes 這個龐然怪獸，然後 Kubernetes 橫掃時間把所有 Docker Swarm 的市場全面清空，
當然真實版本一定更加複雜得多，絕對不是一句 Kubernetes 就可以概括的

[開源專案的商業化之路總是困難]
Docker 於 2014 年開始認真探討其商業策略，如何將其作為 Container 領頭羊的角色轉變成為一個可以帶來收入的策略，VC 創投的資金讓其有能力收購 Koality 與 Tutum，同年 Docker 也正式宣布第一個商業版本的支援計劃。
這一連串的計算誕生出了許多產品，譬如 Docker Hub 及 Docker Enterprise.
不過可惜的是上述的產品並沒有辦法從企業用戶手中帶來穩定的獲利，大部分的客戶相對於直接購買 Docker 解決方案，更傾向跟已經合作的系統整合商一起合作。

Solomon Hykes 今天夏天跟 infoworld 的一次訪談中提到，Docker 從來沒有推出一套真正的好的商業產品，原因是因為 Docker 並沒有很專注地去處理這塊需求。
Docker 嘗試每個領域都碰一小塊，但是卻發現想要同時維護一個開發者社群又要同時打造一個良好的商業產品是極度困難的， Dockre 花費大量的時間與金錢想要魚與熊掌兼得，但是最後才體會到這件事情幾乎不太可行，Hykes 也認為 Docker 應該要花更多時間去聆聽用戶的需求，而不是自己埋頭苦幹的去打造一個沒有滿足使用者需求的企業產品。

來自 Google 的開發推廣大使 Kelsev Hightower 於今年的訪談中提到，Docker 成功地解決問題，但是卻遇到了瓶頸，舉例來說，Docker 提供工具讓開發者可以 產生 Image, 提供地方儲存 Image，運行 Image 除了這些之外， Docker 還有可以發展的空間嗎?
Hykes 不贊同這個說法，譬如 RedHat 與 Pivotal 都很成功的將 Docker 整合到彼此的 PaaS 產品(OpenShift, Cloud Foundry)，也成功從中獲利，所以 Docker 實際上有很多方式可以去獲利的，只是沒有成功而已。

從結果論來看， Docker 早期的商業夥伴，一家專注於 Travel 的科技公司， Amadeus 於 2015 年正式跟 Docker 分手改而投向 RedHat 的懷抱。
畢竟 RedHat 有提供更多關於 Container 相關的技術支援，畢竟對於一個想要踏入 Container 世界的企業，如何將應用程式容器化是第一步，而接下來則是更為重要的 Container Orchestration 解決方案，很明顯的 Docker 這個戰場上是完全被 Kubernetes 打趴的。

[Kubernetes 的決策]
Docker 拒絕擁抱 Kubernetes 被認為是一個致命的錯誤策略，Jérôme Petazzoni， Docker 第一位也是目前在位最久的員工提到， Docker 內部曾經針對 Kubernetes 的生態去探討過，當時內部的共識是 Kubernetes 架構過於複雜，而 Docker Swarm 的架構相對簡單，比較之下 Docker Swarm 應該更容易獲得商業上的成功。

從其他的訪談可以得知， Docker 曾經是有機會可以跟 Google 內的 Kubernetes 團隊一起合作發展 Kubernetes，並且有機會去掌握整個 Container 生態系的發展。如果這些合作可以順利發展，那 Docker GitHub 底下的第一個專案可能就會是 Kubernetes，而 Docker Swarm 可能根本就不會產生了。

Hykes 承認的說，那個時空背景(2014,2015)下， Docker 公司很難找到一個很好的 Container Orchestration 解決方案來滿足各種各戶的需求，而那時候的 Kubernetes 也很難斬釘截鐵的說就是那個解決方案， 畢竟那時候 Kubernetes 還非常早期，同時期還有很多開源專案，很難料想到
Kubernetes 最後會主宰整個 Container Orchestration 世界。

文章後半段還有非常多的討論，非常推薦大家去看全文，雖然沒有辦法改變歷史，但是從歷史中可以學到非常有趣的東西，特別是當被客戶問到 Docker/Kubernetes 的一些生態問題時，有這些歷史資料的可以讓你講起來更有迷之自信

I miss Taiwan food, Boba tea etc since my last visit to Taiwan in February 2021. If you have the same situation like me, let's check out Taiwan Expo Online 2021 whereby more Taiwan products, services, healthcare, smart devices will be showcasing at here. Taiwan Expo Online will happen from 4th to 6th August 2021 and 160 Taiwan businesses will showcasing their services, technology and products to Malaysia businesses. This is a good business opportunity during this pandemic situation.

Total of 10 themed pavilions centred around six major pillars: Electronic Mobility, Post-Pandemic Era, Industry 4.0, Taiwan Lifestyle Products, Tourism & Culture and Halal Taiwan. Audience can check out at https://mys.taiwanexpoasean.com/ For buyers don't forget to register with a TAITRA member to gain early access to the virtual exhibition.

Visit Taiwan Healthcare Pavilion whereby you can found more information regarding infection prevention solutions, antipathogen products, telemedicine systems, as well as a showcase of medical services from the famous Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Taiwan’s world-renowned universal healthcare system.

This time expo, Taiwan Expo specially collaborated with 10 local Malaysian companies that sell Taiwanese products to provide “My Amazing Taiwan Deals” promotion campaign at Taiwan Expo’s Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/TaiwanExpo.mys) .Check out for the promotion either online or offline channels starting from July 28 to August 6. Grab your favourite Taiwan items during this amazing promotion. Taiwan Expo in Malaysia 2021 will be held from August 4th to 6th on the official website https://mys.taiwanexpoasean.com/en/index.html. Experience yourself the best comeback of Taiwan expo online.

For more information about the event, please contact the Taiwan Trade Centre, Kuala Lumpur, at: +60(3)20312388 / +6018-9589168 or email to kl@taitra.org.tw

#Taiwanexpo #TaiwanExcellence

謝謝所有參加7月27至28日「2021年SEASAT線上青年領袖營」的朋友們！今年青年領袖營的主題是「家園：在疫情時代的全球平等」，我們邀請到各領域的專家學者，包括AIT政治組官員黃光杰與美國交流計畫學友，帶領氣候變遷、公共衛生、移工問題、科技人權、社會創新與青年領袖等相關議題討論。線上參與需要更多的專注與交流，我們很開心看到參加學員主動參與討論。AIT感謝每一位講者分享他們的專業與見解，也謝謝專業的活動主持人與技術團隊，與我們這次的活動夥伴臺灣亞洲交流基金會 Taiwan-Asia Exchange Foundation 。每個人的參與都讓這個活動更順利。如同AIT文化官馬明遠在開幕時對學生說的，「你們也許不會在未來幾天就改變這個世界，但我相信，在未來數十年內，你們會是讓這個世界更永續、更和平、更繁榮、更公平的重要推手。」預祝每位參加學員前程似錦，更上一層樓！

We’d like to offer recognition and thanks to everyone who participated in the 2021 SEASAT (Southeast Asia, South Asia, and Taiwan) Online Youth Camp “Home: Global Equality In the Era of Pandemic.” From July 27 to July 28, 2021, a range of speakers, including AIT Political Officer Jason Hwang and U.S. government exchange alumni, led discussions about climate change, public health, migrant workers, technology and human rights, and held two inspiring sessions on social innovation and being a young leader. Online participation requires an extra level of concentration and engagement, and we were happy to see participants actively join in the discussion. AIT would also like to thank all the session speakers who shared their knowledge and insight, our professional moderator, the technical experts and our event partner Taiwan-Asia Exchange Foundation. Together everyone worked hard to make this event go smoothly. As AIT’s Cultural Affairs Officer Luke Martin mentioned during his opening remarks, “ You might not change the world in these next few days, but we are confident that in the decades to come, you are all going to play a role in making this place we call home more sustainable, peaceful, prosperous, and fair”. We would like to wish you good luck in your future success!

Hello. building a Metal Furnace Iron (Fe) is our newest video. In this video we have modified the smelter so that we can separate iron metal from iron ore. the Iron Age is a rapidly advancing primitive. Primitive human evolution from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age is a long step. it is the premise for us to progress to civilization. The melting point of iron is very high so we need coal with a high burning point. We found coal. a coal whose exothermic temperature can burn up to 2000 degrees. we found a lot of iron ore in one river. it's a very fine ore. After many hours of ore smelting we have obtained a small number of very small pieces of iron. we need more time to be able to smelt more iron in order to be able to create the tools needed in the primitive era. We continue to make the following videos of making iron and making tools and weapons. Subscribe to the channel to follow the next videos.
channel: https://goo.gl/rLur6h

Nissan today unveiled the Z Proto, signaling the company's intent to launch a new generation of the legendary Z sports car. Shown at a virtual event beamed around the world from the Nissan Pavilion in Yokohama, the prototype car features a new design inside and out, as well as a V-6 twin turbocharged engine with a manual transmission.

First hinted at in a video named "Nissan A-Z" in May, the Nissan Z Proto pays full respect to 50 years of Z heritage. At the same time, it's a thoroughly modern sports car.

"The Z, as a pure sports car, represents the spirit of Nissan," said Nissan CEO Makoto Uchida. "It's a key model in our Nissan NEXT transformation plan, and it's proof of our ability to do what others don't dare to do, from A to Z. As a Z fan myself, I'm excited to announce that the next Z is coming."

A global community of fans young and old attended today's virtual unveiling. Members of the Z Club in Japan, ZCON participants in Nashville, Tennessee, and enthusiasts in various other markets tuned in for the event.

Exterior: past meets future

Penned and developed by the design team in Japan, the Z Proto boasts a fresh, attractive exterior design with a silhouette that communicates respect for the original model. It sports a bright yellow pearlescent paint – a tribute to a popular paint scheme on both the first generation Z (S30) and the 300ZX (Z32) – and a black roof.

Combining a retro theme with one that also projected futurism was challenging, said Alfonso Albaisa, head of design at Nissan.

The shape of the hood and the canted, teardrop-shaped LED headlights are both unmistakable reminders of the original Z. The rectangular grille's dimensions are similar to the current model with the addition of oval grille fins to offer an updated modern look. The form continues to exude both sportiness and elegance.

The link to the original Z is most striking when viewing the Z Proto from the side. The roofline flows from the nose to the squared-off rear to create a distinctive first-generation Z profile whose rear edge was slightly lower than the front fender height giving the Z its unique posture. The signature transition from the rear quarter glass to the low-slung position of the rear tail adds to the effect.

The rear takes inspiration from the 300ZX (Z32) taillights, reinterpreted for the modern world. Set within a rectangular black section that runs across the rear and wraps around the outer edges, the LED taillights convey a sharp glow.

Lightweight carbon fiber treatments on the side skirts, front lower lip and rear valance ensure nimble performance. 19-inch alloy wheels and dual exhausts complete the Z Proto's striking road presence.

Interior: modern tech with a vintage touch

Designed to fit driver and passenger like a glove, the Z Proto's cabin seamlessly blends modern technology with vintage Z touches.

The interior design team sought advice from professional motorsports legends to give the Z Proto an ideal sports car cabin, both for road and track. This can be seen in the Z's instrumentation. All vital information is found in the 12.3-inch digital meter display and arranged to help the driver grasp it at a glance, such as the redline shift point at the twelve o-clock position.

The new, deep dish steering wheel offers the driver quick access controls without losing its vintage aesthetic.

Yellow accents are found throughout the cabin, including stitching on the instrument panel. The seats feature special yellow accenting and a layered gradation stripe in the center of the seats to create depth.

Sports car joy: an exhilarating, dynamic performer

The original Z was built to bring the joy and excitement of sports car ownership to as many people as possible.

Each new generation had a more powerful engine, although the Z is about more than power increases.

"Z is a balance of power and agility," Tamura continued. "It is a vehicle that creates a connection with the driver not just on the physical level, but emotionally, and responds to the driver's impulses."

Make no mistake though, the Z Proto packs a powerful punch. Under the elongated hood is an enhanced V-6 twin-turbocharged engine mated to a six-speed manual gearbox. As a prototype, work is now underway on synchronizing the power with the grace and control that has defined the Z for the past 50 years.

"With the launch this summer of the groundbreaking Ariya EV, we've started a new era of electrification and autonomous driving technology," said Uchida. "With the Z, we're bringing drivers the excitement of a pure sports car. For more than 50 years we have been creating the legend of Z together. I'm glad you're with us for the next exciting chapter. The new Z is on its way."

Z Proto specifications
Engine V-6 twin turbo
Transmission 6-speed manual
Length 4,382 mm
Width 1,850 mm
Height 1,310 mm
Wheel and tire size Front: 255/40R19

[VPET International Conference 2020 ]
Plenary Session: Applied Education & Future Skills in The Digital Era

Convenor:
Professor Christina Hong, President, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Vocational Training Council, Hong Kong

Panel Members:
Professor Dr Philipp Gonon, Director of the Institute of Education, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Dr Sean Gallagher, Director, Centre for the New Workforce, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
Mr Andrew Chong, Chairman, Institute of Technical Education, Singapore