Both conditions must be simultaneously fulfilled for a means of preserving life to be considered 'ordinary' and, therefore, morally obligatory. ... <看更多>
「ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life」的推薦目錄：
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ordinary and extraordinary treatment - DRZE 的相關結果
Ordinary measures are those that are based on medication or treatment which ... possible to distinguish between on the one hand life-prolonging measures the ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Extraordinary means and the sanctity of life - jstor 的相關結果
This view has already been abandoned. Once we admit that life-prolonging treatment can be either ordinary or extraordinary, depending on whether ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ordinary and Extraordinary Treatment - Hydration and Nutrition 的相關結果
1 'Ordinary‟ and extraordinary means of prolonging life‟, The Linacre Centre for Healthcare Ethics, extract from Life and Death in Healthcare Ethics, ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 ORDINARY AND EXTRAORDINARY MEANS AND THE ... 的相關結果
tween ordinary and extraordinary means turns on an assessment of medical treatment relative to the patient. ... Decisions about pursuing life-prolonging. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 'Ordinary' and 'extraordinary' means of prolonging life 的相關結果
As used by doctors, 'ordinary' and 'extraordinary' will often mean 'standard' or 'non-standard'. As used by ethicists, the term 'ordinary' is often used to ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Extraordinary means in prolonging life - PubMed 的相關結果
由 M Devlin 著作 · 1982 · 被引用 2 次 — ... which suggests that physicians are ethically and legally required to use only ordinary, but not extraordinary, means to prolong life. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ordinary & Extraordinary Treatment: An Ethical Perspective 的相關結果
Principle of Ordinary & Extraordinary Means ... The Prolongation of Life., In: K. D. O'Rourke and P. Boyle (ed.), Medical Ethics: Sources of ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ordinary and Extraordinary Care | Caring for the Whole Person 的相關結果
What does it mean when Catholic teaching states that two extremes must be avoided in end-of-life decisions? The Catholic moral tradition recognizes that ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Rethinking Ordinary and Extraordinary Means in a Global ... 的相關結果
由 CM Kelly 著作 · 2019 · 被引用 2 次 — Cer- tainly, as suggested above, a tendency to categorize a specific medical treatment as an ordinary means of prolonging life can aid the effort to insist that ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Withholding and Withdrawing Life-Saving Treatment: Ordinary ... 的相關結果
of preserving and prolonging life and is well established (Panicola, 2001, ... death.2 The principle of ordinary and extraordinary means has ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Debate: Extraordinary means and the sanctity of life 的相關結果
papers entitled Prolongation of Life published by the Roman Catholic Linacre Centre. ... ordinary and extraordinary means is thus the idea. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ordinary and Extraordinary Means of Treatment 的相關結果
In 1973, the journal Pediatrics defined extraordinary means as “all ... would only secure a precarious and burdensome prolongation of life, ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Extraordinary means and the intentional termination of life 的相關結果
Physicians and their professional organizations often distinguish between ordinary and extra-ordinary means of treatment. The moral relevance of this ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Preserving Life - CORE 的相關結果
S.J .. has covered the Catholic attitude regarding the ordinary means of preserving life and the extra- ordinary measures necessary to prolong existence in the ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ordinary and extraordinary care - Wikipedia 的相關結果
Ordinary and extraordinary care are distinguished by some bioethical theories, including the teaching of the Catholic Church. Ordinary care is obligatory, ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 1 Ordinary and Extraordinary Means of Care Archdiocese of ... 的相關結果
life. Ordinary means are morally obligatory, they are not optional. 2. Extraordinary a. An intervention that offers no reasonable hope or ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 THE PHYSICIAN'S DUTY TO PRESERVE LIFE BY ... 的相關結果
ideas as "ordinary and extraordinary means" do to the moral theologian. ... to prolong its life; a very painful operation (such as the amputa-. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 End-of-Life Care for the Catholic Patient 的相關結果
In the Catholic tradition there is a moral obligation to use ordinary medical treatments aimed at prolonging life. Extraordinary means of care (or ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 ISSUES AT THE END OF LIFE - Catholic Health Association 的相關結果
an advance directive. The directives concerning the determination of ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life and die right of the surro-. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 The Catholic Tradition on Forgoing Life Support 的相關結果
The phrase "ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life" is familiar to many people inside and outside of the health-care profession. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ordinary and extraordinary means of treatment - Document - Gale ... 的相關結果
Gale OneFile includes Ordinary and extraordinary means of treatment by ... to deny aggressive life-extending treatment, end-of-life care of patients in a ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 What is the Catholic Church's position on extraordinary ... 的相關結果
... position on extraordinary/ordinary means of treatment and care? ... would only secure a precarious and burdensome prolongation of life, ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Euthanasia and Extraordinary Care 的相關結果
Third, we believe that each person is bound to use ordinary means of caring for ... which at best provide a precarious and burdensome prolonging of life. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Choosing to die well | National Catholic Reporter 的相關結果
But this does not mean prolonging life through extraordinary means. ... "What distinguishes 'ordinary' from 'extraordinary' in Catholic ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 End-of-life palliative care issues: ordinary and extraordinary ... 的相關結果
When death is imminent, one may refuse forms of treatment that would result in the precarious and burdensome prolongation of life. Ordinary ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ordinary, extraordinary and neutral medical treatment - Springer 的相關結果
What 'checkmate' means is the same in each case but what constitutes checkmate ... ignominy in removing extraordinary life prolonging medical treatment. Re-. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 The Principle of Proportionality: Foregoing / Withdrawing Life ... 的相關結果
In order to provide sustenance or life- support, patients in such situations ... ordinary and extraordinary means, ... MN&H as prolonging the inevitably. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ordinary/Extraordinary Means, Autonomy & Futility - 42 (2018 ... 的相關結果
Withholding and Withdrawing Life-Saving Treatment: Ordinary/Extraordinary ... Law in Regard to the Ordinary and Extraordinary Means of Conserving Life. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 QUALITY OF LIFE IN BIOETHIC DECISIONMAKING - DADUN 的相關結果
Linacre Centre Papers/3: Prolongation of Life: Ordinary and. Extraordinary Means of Prolonging Life, London, 1978. LYNN, J . , ED., By No Extraordinary ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 THE DEVELOPMENT AND NATURE OF THE ORDINARY ... 的相關結果
Extraordinary means are at least moral impossibilities, ordinary means ... I say that one is not held to lengthen his life because he is not ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 A History of Ordinary and Extraordinary Means 的相關結果
regarding the ordinary and extraordinary means of conserving life. ... 2 Pius XII, “The Prolongation of Life: Allocution to the International Congress of. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Caring for People at the End of Life 的相關結果
CHA | End-of-Life Guides: Church Teachings ... possible to prolong physical life, ... “ordinary” and “extraordinary” means was. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 What is 'Extraordinary' Care? - Catholic Answers 的相關結果
I've heard some Catholics say that extraordinary care refers to “things like dialysis ... Dialysis can prolong and save a patient's life, ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Discerning Ordinary vs. Extraordinary Means in Catholic ... 的相關結果
One of the most important tasks in bioethics is distinguishing between ordinary and extraordinary means when it comes to medical care. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Frozen Embryos - Internet Scientific Publications 的相關結果
Frozen Embryos: Application of the Extraordinary/Ordinary Means Distinction ... 37 If the means used to prolong life were ineffective, if the effect was ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 NCM 108 LESSON 5 Principle Of Ordinary And Extraordinary ... 的相關結果
> is often used to describe those means of prolonging life which are available, offer a reasonable hope of benefit and do not cause unbearable pain and ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 When Life Supports are Futile or Refused - Routledge 的相關結果
ordinary -versus-extraordinary-means doctrines for deciding whether to forgo ... with mechanical ventilators, defibrillators, and other life-prolonging. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 The Use and Abuse of the Concept of Futility 的相關結果
ordinary and extraordinary and the decision in a particular case at the end of life. Futility, taken generically, simply means inability to achieve. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 The Hopeless Case - JAMA Network 的相關結果
wrong to advise or to employ extraordinary means to prolong life. Whether a particular treatment is to be classified as ordinary or extraordinary does not ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Don't want 'extraordinary' measures in end-of-life care? Do ... 的相關結果
Living wills often stipulate that a person doesn't want "extraordinary" measures taken to sustain life if there is no chance of recovery. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ordinary Medicine : Extraordinary Treatments Essay | Bartleby 的相關結果
Free Essay: Ordinary Medicine: Extraordinary Treatments, Longer Lives and ... to have the right to prolong their life by means of ordinary treatment such as ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Commentary - Vatican 的相關結果
Life, health and all temporal activities are subordinate to spiritual ends. ... Still less can one interrupt the ordinary means of care for ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Summary of ordinary and extraordinary Means of Preserving Life 的相關結果
Summary of ordinary and extraordinary Means of Preserving Life ... duty to prolong life when there is a condition of moral impossibility, for instance, ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Catholic Moral Doctrine 的相關結果
“[Life] remains a sacred reality entrusted to us, to be preserved with a sense of responsibility and ... Ordinary and Extraordinary Means of Preserving Life. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 A-Catholic-Guide-to-End-of-Life-Decisions.pdf 的相關結果
ordinary medical means used to extend my life in order to ... prolonging life (also “ethically ordinary and extraordinary means”): the moral difference ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 A Catholic Guide to End-of-Life Decisions for Individuals and ... 的相關結果
Ordinary means are those that offer us reasonable hope of ben- ... benefit to me, but life-prolonging and/or extraordinary procedures may be withheld or. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 When Is It Morally Acceptable to Forego Life-sustaining ... 的相關結果
The principle of ordinary and extraordinary means addresses ... of their families to prolong life, certainly not when the treatment is of ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 What's Extraordinary?: Catholic wisdom on end-of-life care 的相關結果
... intervention—not just basic care—that can be morally evaluated using the traditional distinction between ordinary and extraordinary means of care? ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 care at the end of life - Diocese of Manchester 的相關結果
Ordinary means of medical care are morally obligatory. But Catholics are not bound to prolong the dying process by using every medical treatment available. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 The Catholic Health Association's Response to the Papal ... 的相關結果
Directives 56 and 57 define ordinary (or proportionate) and extraordinary (or ... of the Catholic tradition on the duty to prolong life and its limits. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 FAQ-End of Life Issues | St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church 的相關結果
Medical means may be medically ordinary, but yet morally extraordinary. ... rather than unnecessarily prolonging their suffering, it may be removed. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Approaching Death: The Moral Choices - cloudfront.net 的相關結果
preserve life in all circumstances through extraordinary means. ... one is held to use only ordinary means (to prolong life)--according to circumstances,. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Thomas D. Sullivan: “Active and Passive Euthanasia 的相關結果
The cessation of the employment of extraordinary means to prolong the life of the body when there is irrefutable evidence that biological death is imminent ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Euthanasia - MU School of Medicine 的相關結果
Euthanasia is the practice of ending the life of a patient to limit the ... Some claim the distinction between ordinary and extraordinary treatment is ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ethics of Forgoing Treatment - RT Magazine 的相關結果
Not every medical treatment that prolongs life is morally required. ... The distinction between ordinary and extraordinary means of treatment goes back ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 published by the - Roman Catholic Diocese of Syracuse 的相關結果
Principle 2: Ordinary and Extraordinary Means of Preserving Life ... Catholics are not morally bound to prolong the dying process by using ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 What is Life Support? Life Support Measures - Cleveland Clinic 的相關結果
Your healthcare providers may use life support until your body can resume normal functioning. Life support doesn't mean death. But sometimes ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 The Right to Natural Death - McGill Law Journal - 的相關結果
tion of life and mere prolongation of the process of dying. The New Jersey court also amplified the 1957 papal statement that ordinary means are related, ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Now and at the Hour of Our Death 的相關結果
ordinary medical means of preserving life. ... But Catholics are not morally bound to prolong the dying process by using every medical. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 ETD | Unfaithful Means: The Christian Limits of Extraordinary ... 的相關結果
These terms incorporate the key principles of Catholic ethics to make the case that Christians are not obligated to prolong life at all costs. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 artificial nutrition and hydration and - University of Dayton 的相關結果
life prolonging treatment, and to indicate in an advance directive that such ... the distinction between “ordinary” and “extraordinary” means which could be. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Catholic Treatment Ethics and Secular Law 的相關結果
4) that extraordinary treatment is not forbidden, but optional, and that it is the ... [N]ormally one is held to use only ordinary means [to prolong life] ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Class Notes and Slides by Paul Flaman Module / Week 10 的相關結果
proportionate means but not disproportionate means to prolong life. ... good to be able to define ordinary and extraordinary means, both in their ethical ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 To live and let die: medical treatment limits - District of the USA 的相關結果
The answer to many of those questions relies upon the definition of ordinary and extraordinary means of preserving our own life. It is therefore necessary ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 End-of-Life Ethical Dilemmas - IntechOpen 的相關結果
Another important doctrine in end-of-life ethics, about the difference between ordinary and extraordinary means, was developed by three Spanish Dominican ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care ... 的相關結果
Health care in the United States is marked by extraordinary change. ... to life, entails a right to the means for the proper development of life, ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Preparing Now for the Hour of Our Death 的相關結果
Dominican theologian Domingo Bañez is credited with creating the classic distinction between ordinary and extraordinary means of sustaining life in the ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 End of Life Decisions - California Catholic Conference 的相關結果
life.” Euthanasia, CDF, 1980. III. A MORAL OBLIGATION TO USE ORDINARY ... “A person may forgo extraordinary or disproportionate means of preserving life. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Bioethics: What constitutes 'extraordinary means' of care? 的相關結果
The popes on end-of-life issues. Catholic teaching on the use of ordinary versus extraordinary measures dates to the 16th century. Here are some ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 facing difficult decisions - Prevea Health 的相關結果
A patient can be pronounced dead even if connected to life-support equipment. Ordinary or Proportionate vs Extraordinary or. Disproportionate Means. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Method in Catholic Bioethics: ANH and PVS Patients 的相關結果
cannot reasonably be expected to prolong life or when they would be ' ... guideposts of ordinary and extraordinary means, which have the ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Euthanasia and the Law - CanLII 的相關結果
2 AND THE LAW of doctors who to prolong the life of dying patients. of human ... (3) Ordinary and Extraordinary Measures It has been suggested by numerous ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Ethics at the End-of-Life - POGOe 的相關結果
Clarify ethical distinctions that may inform medical care for end-of-life ... That we are obligated to use all extraordinary means to keep dying person ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 FROM ORDINARY TO EXTRAORDINARY… - ppt download 的相關結果
EXTRAORDINARY MEANS ORDINARY MEANS: Interventions that are often experimental that prolong life DISPROPORTIONATE MEANS: Means that don't offer a reasonable ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Right to Die: Medical, Legal & Moral Issues: CQR 的相關結果
The right of a competent person to refuse life-prolonging medical treatment ... between ordinary and extraordinary means of prolonging life. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 The intentional termination of the life of one - De Anza College 的相關結果
The cessation of the employment of extraordinary means to prolong the life of the body when there is irrefutable evidence that. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 An Educational Approach to Death and Dying - DOI 的相關結果
Chapter 5 covers the concepts of ordinary and extraordinary means of ... forego insurance coverage for life prolonging treatments and that ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 EUTHANASIA AND THE LAW 的相關結果
refrain from using extraordinary measures to prolong the life of dying patients. ... The ordinary-extraordinary approach reflects a profound respect. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Clinically assisted hydration and the Liverpool Care Pathway 的相關結果
prolongation of life and possible negative impacts on the dying is also scrutinised. ... Ordinary and extraordinary means of treatment. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Life-Sustaining Treatment and Euthanasia: I. Ethical Aspects 的相關結果
Modern medicine has also gained extraordinary new powers to prolong life. ... and contrast it with the distinction between ordinary and extraordinary care. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Artificial Nutrition and Hydration and the Permanently ... 的相關結果
Catholic Teaching on Prolonging Life: Setting the Record Straight Michael R. Panicola 4. A History of Ordinary and Extraordinary Means Donald E. Henke ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Should we use every means medically possible to keep an ill ... 的相關結果
I reviewed some of the general principles that Catholics apply to the question of using medical technology to sustain or prolong a person's life ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Margaret Somerville: Withdrawing artificial hydration and ... 的相關結果
But this distinction between ordinary and extraordinary medical ... is any failure to use all possible means to prolong life and believe ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 sins against the obligation of conserving his life 的相關結果
Hence, for De Lugo, the refusal to employ the ordinary means (in this ... Such is not the case however, with the extraordinary means of conserving life. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Sharon Kaufman Talks About Ordinary Medicine ... 的相關結果
Sharon Kaufman Talks About Ordinary Medicine, Extraordinary Treatments, ... trying to determine what and how much life-prolonging therapy to undergo. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Religious perspectives on withdrawal of treatment from ... 的相關結果
Extraordinary means for prolonging life merely hold karmic outcomes in temporary abeyance and bring unnecessary suffering to the patient. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 The End of Life Euthanasia and Morality James Rachels 的相關結果
The sanctity of life ... Ordinary and extraordinary means of treatment 96 ... resource to prolong life, even if it is the life of an innocent human. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 10.pdf 的相關結果
strengthen the right of people to refuse medical treatment to prolong their ... ordinary and extraordinary means of sustaining life, intention and. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Artificial Nutrition and Hydration and the Permanently ... 的相關結果
The foundational teachings on prolonging life and Kelly's specification of the meaning of ordinary and extraordinary means was given clear papal ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Principles of Health Care Ethics - 第 269 頁 - Google 圖書結果 的相關結果
END OF LIFE DECISION-MAKING: ORDINARY AND EXTRAORDINARY MEANS Some of the most ... always has a duty to use all ordinary means to prolong a patient's life, ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 A Primer for Health Care Ethics: Essays for a Pluralistic ... 的相關結果
Ethically speaking , then , ordinary means of preserving life are ... this means ordinary or extraordinary ? but , Is there an obligation to prolong life ? ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 On Moral Medicine: Theological Perspectives on Medical Ethics 的相關結果
The phrase “ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life” is familiar to many people inside and outside of the health-care profession. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Development of Church Teaching o - The Evangelization Station 的相關結果
The most important distinction in need of clarification is the one between the terms "ordinary" and "extraordinary" means to prolong life. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Between Life and Death: Ethical and Moral Issues Involved in ... 的相關結果
tems for prolongation of life and that the physician is only under an obligation to institute ordinary and not extraordinary measures. ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 Question 49: Must life support, once begun, be continued? 的相關結果
Before deciding whether to use any specific means of prolonging life, ... Thus, the preceding reply did not speak of ordinary and extraordinary means, ... ... <看更多>
ordinary and extraordinary means to prolong life 在 End of Life Decisions: Ordinary versus Extraordinary Means 的相關結果
The natural law and the Fifth Commandment* requires that all ordinary means be used to preserve life, such as food, water, exercise, and medical care. Since the ... ... <看更多>