關於 紙管工廠彰化 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

7月16日防疫記者會
主動監測 防堵疫情

　　因應疫情嚴峻，彰化縣政府於今(16)日下午3時召開彰化縣防疫說明記者會，由縣長王惠美、衛生局長葉彥伯共同說明，新聞處長李俊德引言，採線上直播方式，於縣長臉書及有線電視CH03公益頻道同步直播。
　　王縣長說，我與鄉親一樣，很喜歡天天+0，但是今天新增1名確診個案，事與願違，顯然社區仍有隱形傳染，有待大家繼續努力，配合相關規定做好防疫。今天新增1例，累積確診人數267人，近5日核酸檢測陽性率為0.02%，核酸檢測累計陽性率為0.34%，完成篩檢人數7萬8,743人，居家隔離人數60人，累計居家隔離人數為3,077人，平均每位確診者的居家隔離人數是12人。
王縣長表示，今天新增的個案，是到南部出差後出現症狀而去採檢發現確診，家人也都已經匡列採檢，活動的足跡有7/11晚上22:15-22:25在全聯福利中心永靖新興店(永靖鄉新興路53號)及7/12-13下午14:00-14:20在員林第一公有零售市場外圍攤商(員林市中正路)，請有重複足跡的民眾做好健康自主管理，有出現症狀，請盡速就醫採檢。
　　王縣長指出，目前部分防疫措施鬆綁，社區主動監測就變的更重要，今天新增的1例就是主動監測到的案例，以達到早期發現，快速圍堵隱形感染的目標，主動監測的範圍以本縣各級醫療院所就診的病患，即日起就診病患出現疑似症狀，或是呼吸道症狀持續2-3天，不論有無旅遊史或接觸史，經醫生評估後，一律進行轉診至本縣12家主動監測篩檢站進行PCR核酸檢測。
　　王縣長表示，彰化縣65歲以上的長輩共有22萬2,875人，已經接種疫苗的人數為14萬8,583人，接種率達66.67%，65-74歲這個年齡層有12萬9,676人，已接種8萬6,841人，接種率66.97%，75歲以上有9萬3,199人，已接種6萬1,742人，接種率66.25%，謝謝大家的配合，多一點人接種疫苗將涵蓋率提升，就能更快恢復正常生活。
　　王縣長指出，提醒大家，一定要上網去登記施打意願，因為沒有登記縣府就分配不到疫苗幫鄉親施打，不論是第一劑或是第二劑，若是打AZ疫苗的民眾8-12週要進行第二劑的施打，如果第二劑施打的時間到了，也可以上網預約第二劑了，第三輪疫苗是18歲以上民眾的意願登記延長至19日中午12點止，有意願的民眾登記完成後，收到1922的通知簡訊就可以進行預約施打的時間、地點，若是不會使用網路的民眾可以利用各鄉鎮市的戶政事務所或是社區藥局協助登記。
　　王縣長表示，預約制的疫苗第二輪，彰化縣預約人數有5萬多人，今天起開始施打，今天的總預約施打人數為1萬872人，縣府安排了178個接種站，有334場次，特別為了服務白天要上班的民眾，也加開夜診的服務有56診次，今天上午預約的施打率達98%，再次呼籲有急需施打疫苗的民眾盡速上網或到四大超商、藥局、戶政事務所登記。　
　　王縣長溫馨提醒民眾為避免同一時段施打疫苗的民眾造成群聚，彰化縣採用生日分流，如果是1-3月生日的民眾，請在預約時段的10-20分到，4-6月在預約時段的20-30分到，另外，在7-9月在預約時段的30-40分到，10-12月在預約時段的40-50分到，也避免民眾浪費時間等待，也請民眾打完疫苗再留觀區休息15-30分鐘，身體出現任何狀況現場有醫護人員可以馬上提供協助，接種疫苗後也提醒民眾要多休息、多喝開水，若是有使用抗凝血劑或是凝血功能異常的民眾記得將注射部位加壓至少2分鐘，並觀察是否有出血或是血腫的情形，接種後也可能出現身體不適的各項症狀如發燒、畏寒、疲倦、肌肉痠痛、關節痠痛、噁心等症狀，通常過幾天後就會消失，若是一直持續就請盡速就醫，還有接種後14天若有呼吸困難、胸/腹痛、四肢腫脹/冰冷、嚴重頭痛等不舒服症狀也請盡速就醫。
　　王縣長表示，彰化縣警察局舉辦「暑期保護青少年，拒絕兒少性剝削」，保護兒少隱私有四招不攝影、不下載、不轉傳、不持有抽獎活動，頭獎電動小哈雷警車有3名，二獎無線藍芽耳機10名，三獎藍芽喇叭20名，自即日起至7月22日24時止，將於23日17時在彰化縣警察局婦幼隊臉書公布得獎名單，請民眾上警察局婦幼隊臉書專業按讚並追蹤，在於活動貼文按讚、標記3位朋友並留言「保護兒少隱私有四招不攝影、不下載、不轉傳、不持有!」。
　　王縣長說，本期美好彰化雙周刊，以老學校新創意做特輯，顛覆民眾對校園的想像，還有卦山村美學生活聚落、觀光工廠、彰化之光「76行者遺體修復團隊召集人陳修將」及種出全國特等獎栗子南瓜的青農林俊豪等許多豐富精采的報導，歡迎民眾掃QRCode點閱。
　　王縣長表示，縣內1萬659名國中小以下教師接種名單，已在7月10日已完成造冊，並函報至教育部，目前待中央核定撥發疫苗下來，因中央疫情指揮中心已開放第9、10類人員意願登記，第7類的教育人員如符合上述資格，也可上網登記，就可先行施打。目前縣內有84個學校己重新開放運動場，至於有些學校因工程或做為疫苗接種場所等，而暫時還沒有開放，因要與家長會、教師會開會決議，所以會尊重學校防疫量能，授權由學校自行決定何時開放。
　　王縣長感謝所有支持防疫捐贈物資及善款的善心人士與企業，財團法人陳萬枝慈善事業基金會捐贈N95口罩300個、防護衣250件、好典心有限公司捐贈糕餅50盒、榮成紙業股份有限公司捐贈防護面罩2千個、長泓膠業股份有限公司捐贈20萬元(入帳日:07/07) 、財團法人鎮國基金會(鎮國寺)捐贈200萬元 (入帳日:07/12)。
　　王縣長說，最後一哩路仍拜託大家謹守防疫規範，有疫苗快點打，接種疫苗已改為上網登記制，沒有登記中央就沒有撥疫苗施打，任可疫情問題請撥打7531999專線，會有團隊為大家服務。
葉局長表示，今天新增一例，近期已出現4次，每4天的+0就會出現一個病例，如果從流行病學來看，就是一個發生率的概念，現在病毒在社區生根，案例的發生率要變成0是非常困難的，除非有非常高的疫苗族群免疫力，不然要降到0或是沒有個案是非常難的，不過，我們也不用因為這樣就覺得沒有辦法圍堵，只要社區主動監測持續做，有個案早發現早匡列採檢，不要讓它散播出去，仍然能有效的控制疫情，但是最好的方法，仍是施打疫苗。
葉局長說，每日核酸監測人數，在主動監測之後，希望維持每一天有1千個採檢人次，以保持發現個案的量能；陽性率因為今天有個案有稍微上揚，但整體而言，陽性率滿低的，表示仍在控管當中；解隔離人數一樣慢慢在減少了，所有解除隔離的人數將近有3千人，現在65歲以上已經安排施打疫苗，65歲以下也會一一通知打疫苗，確保他本來就存在的社會網絡，如果還有潛藏的殘留的隱形的病毒傳播可以將它擋掉。
葉局長說，感染個案年齡層分布還是維持在60歲以上佔絕大多數，當疫苗打完之後，這個疾病的年齡分布會有更大的變化，往年輕的、沒有打疫苗的族群移動；居家隔離發病佔28%維持不變；感染源待查壓低在5%，通常要有非常完整的疫調，才能將感染源待查個案維持在5%，相對於有一些群聚感染源待查比率高達2成到3成，表示我們疫調的功夫有到位。
葉局長指出，今天新增1例的感染源待查個案，是由彰化啟動主動監測後發現到的，目前是個單一個案，這個個案是31歲，7月9日有南部的旅遊史，7月13日發病，14日主動監測轉到醫院急診室採檢，很快地就醫、採檢，CT值17.88，從發病到確診日是2天，之前有統計，過去確診的個案從發病到確診日有時候要5、6天，時間拖太長，加上發病之前就有傳染性，所以傳染出去的機會高，這個個案只有2天，且個案與家人同住，並全部匡列採檢，目前結果為陰性，另外，職場為比較小型的公司，有位職場員工採檢並居家隔離，因為可能是跟南部有關係的傳染個案，所以，拉高防疫高規格控管，這幾位匡列者都住到集中檢疫所，一人一室，以確保傳播風險能夠被更有效的控管。
葉局長說，典型的COVID19症狀或是有疑似症狀2-3天，不管有沒有旅遊史、接觸史，建議醫師一律做採檢，這個就是社區主動監測計畫2.0主動監測的機制。從5月份到現在彰化就有2百多個案例，8成個案從發病到採檢是5天、發病到確診是6天，這也是為什麼特別強調，要注意有無症狀，同時也要請醫師保持警覺性，把時間縮短，早期發現。
　　葉局長指出，現在彰化縣65歲以上長者接種率66.67%，應該要再提高，65-74歲接種率66.97%，其中70-80歲這個年齡層幾乎達到7成，主要特別要感謝有許多管道動員一起來幫忙，包括醫療院所、社區關懷據點及慢性病共同照護網的合約院所等三管齊下鼓勵長者一起打疫苗，讓彰化縣長者施打疫苗的接種率可以達到目標值六成以上。
葉局長表示，彰化縣65歲以上接種率已經超過6成5，接下來一波預約制疫苗，也有很多65歲以上的長者預約，所以接種率還會再上升。65歲以上接種率已達6成，如果家裡有老人或慢性病患，家裏面也要過半的人有接種，高風險的機構職場，裡面的員工接種也要過6成，這3個6就是666原則，可以此來評估工作職場、家庭與個人風險。
葉局長說，現在第三輪上網預約將意願調查延長到7月19日，同時提醒大家已經可以施打第2劑的縣民，也可以上網登記，彰化縣有社區藥局279家，可以幫您意願登記，也可以預約接種很方便，請大家善用。
葉局長說，早上王縣長有去看第一天的施打情形，大家都很配合，知道用生日月來分流，上半年出生就前面半小時去，下半年出生就後面半小時去，大家一起幫忙做分流，尤其，明天有很多快打站，一天下來人數上千，請大家配合分流，方便自己也方便大家。
葉局長說，今天預約接種首日情形良好，施打率很高，達98%，請大家一起配合將時間分流，把所有的疫苗都打完。另外要強調，昨天有傳出警察同仁混打的假訊息，請大家不要傳，以政府公布的為主，假訊息嚴重可處3年以下有期徒刑以及300萬元罰金，請大家配合，不要讓假訊息影響防疫工作。
7月16日防疫記者會
主動監測 防堵疫情

　　因應疫情嚴峻，彰化縣政府於今(16)日下午3時召開彰化縣防疫說明記者會，由縣長王惠美、衛生局長葉彥伯共同說明，新聞處長李俊德引言，採線上直播方式，於縣長臉書及有線電視CH03公益頻道同步直播。
　　王縣長說，我與鄉親一樣，很喜歡天天+0，但是今天新增1名確診個案，事與願違，顯然社區仍有隱形傳染，有待大家繼續努力，配合相關規定做好防疫。今天新增1例，累積確診人數267人，近5日核酸檢測陽性率為0.02%，核酸檢測累計陽性率為0.34%，完成篩檢人數7萬8,743人，居家隔離人數60人，累計居家隔離人數為3,077人，平均每位確診者的居家隔離人數是12人。
王縣長表示，今天新增的個案，是到南部出差後出現症狀而去採檢發現確診，家人也都已經匡列採檢，活動的足跡有7/11晚上22:15-22:25在全聯福利中心永靖新興店(永靖鄉新興路53號)及7/12-13下午14:00-14:20在員林第一公有零售市場外圍攤商(員林市中正路)，請有重複足跡的民眾做好健康自主管理，有出現症狀，請盡速就醫採檢。
　　王縣長指出，目前部分防疫措施鬆綁，社區主動監測就變的更重要，今天新增的1例就是主動監測到的案例，以達到早期發現，快速圍堵隱形感染的目標，主動監測的範圍以本縣各級醫療院所就診的病患，即日起就診病患出現疑似症狀，或是呼吸道症狀持續2-3天，不論有無旅遊史或接觸史，經醫生評估後，一律進行轉診至本縣12家主動監測篩檢站進行PCR核酸檢測。
　　王縣長表示，彰化縣65歲以上的長輩共有22萬2,875人，已經接種疫苗的人數為14萬8,583人，接種率達66.67%，65-74歲這個年齡層有12萬9,676人，已接種8萬6,841人，接種率66.97%，75歲以上有9萬3,199人，已接種6萬1,742人，接種率66.25%，謝謝大家的配合，多一點人接種疫苗將涵蓋率提升，就能更快恢復正常生活。
　　王縣長指出，提醒大家，一定要上網去登記施打意願，因為沒有登記縣府就分配不到疫苗幫鄉親施打，不論是第一劑或是第二劑，若是打AZ疫苗的民眾8-12週要進行第二劑的施打，如果第二劑施打的時間到了，也可以上網預約第二劑了，第三輪疫苗是18歲以上民眾的意願登記延長至19日中午12點止，有意願的民眾登記完成後，收到1922的通知簡訊就可以進行預約施打的時間、地點，若是不會使用網路的民眾可以利用各鄉鎮市的戶政事務所或是社區藥局協助登記。
　　王縣長表示，預約制的疫苗第二輪，彰化縣預約人數有5萬多人，今天起開始施打，今天的總預約施打人數為1萬872人，縣府安排了178個接種站，有334場次，特別為了服務白天要上班的民眾，也加開夜診的服務有56診次，今天上午預約的施打率達98%，再次呼籲有急需施打疫苗的民眾盡速上網或到四大超商、藥局、戶政事務所登記。　
　　王縣長溫馨提醒民眾為避免同一時段施打疫苗的民眾造成群聚，彰化縣採用生日分流，如果是1-3月生日的民眾，請在預約時段的10-20分到，4-6月在預約時段的20-30分到，另外，在7-9月在預約時段的30-40分到，10-12月在預約時段的40-50分到，也避免民眾浪費時間等待，也請民眾打完疫苗再留觀區休息15-30分鐘，身體出現任何狀況現場有醫護人員可以馬上提供協助，接種疫苗後也提醒民眾要多休息、多喝開水，若是有使用抗凝血劑或是凝血功能異常的民眾記得將注射部位加壓至少2分鐘，並觀察是否有出血或是血腫的情形，接種後也可能出現身體不適的各項症狀如發燒、畏寒、疲倦、肌肉痠痛、關節痠痛、噁心等症狀，通常過幾天後就會消失，若是一直持續就請盡速就醫，還有接種後14天若有呼吸困難、胸/腹痛、四肢腫脹/冰冷、嚴重頭痛等不舒服症狀也請盡速就醫。
　　王縣長表示，彰化縣警察局舉辦「暑期保護青少年，拒絕兒少性剝削」，保護兒少隱私有四招不攝影、不下載、不轉傳、不持有抽獎活動，頭獎電動小哈雷警車有3名，二獎無線藍芽耳機10名，三獎藍芽喇叭20名，自即日起至7月22日24時止，將於23日17時在彰化縣警察局婦幼隊臉書公布得獎名單，請民眾上警察局婦幼隊臉書專業按讚並追蹤，在於活動貼文按讚、標記3位朋友並留言「保護兒少隱私有四招不攝影、不下載、不轉傳、不持有!」。
　　王縣長說，本期美好彰化雙周刊，以老學校新創意做特輯，顛覆民眾對校園的想像，還有卦山村美學生活聚落、觀光工廠、彰化之光「76行者遺體修復團隊召集人陳修將」及種出全國特等獎栗子南瓜的青農林俊豪等許多豐富精采的報導，歡迎民眾掃QRCode點閱。
　　王縣長表示，縣內1萬659名國中小以下教師接種名單，已在7月10日已完成造冊，並函報至教育部，目前待中央核定撥發疫苗下來，因中央疫情指揮中心已開放第9、10類人員意願登記，第7類的教育人員如符合上述資格，也可上網登記，就可先行施打。目前縣內有84個學校己重新開放運動場，至於有些學校因工程或做為疫苗接種場所等，而暫時還沒有開放，因要與家長會、教師會開會決議，所以會尊重學校防疫量能，授權由學校自行決定何時開放。
　　王縣長感謝所有支持防疫捐贈物資及善款的善心人士與企業，財團法人陳萬枝慈善事業基金會捐贈N95口罩300個、防護衣250件、好典心有限公司捐贈糕餅50盒、榮成紙業股份有限公司捐贈防護面罩2千個、長泓膠業股份有限公司捐贈20萬元(入帳日:07/07) 、財團法人鎮國基金會(鎮國寺)捐贈200萬元 (入帳日:07/12)。
　　王縣長說，最後一哩路仍拜託大家謹守防疫規範，有疫苗快點打，接種疫苗已改為上網登記制，沒有登記中央就沒有撥疫苗施打，任可疫情問題請撥打7531999專線，會有團隊為大家服務。
葉局長表示，今天新增一例，近期已出現4次，每4天的+0就會出現一個病例，如果從流行病學來看，就是一個發生率的概念，現在病毒在社區生根，案例的發生率要變成0是非常困難的，除非有非常高的疫苗族群免疫力，不然要降到0或是沒有個案是非常難的，不過，我們也不用因為這樣就覺得沒有辦法圍堵，只要社區主動監測持續做，有個案早發現早匡列採檢，不要讓它散播出去，仍然能有效的控制疫情，但是最好的方法，仍是施打疫苗。
葉局長說，每日核酸監測人數，在主動監測之後，希望維持每一天有1千個採檢人次，以保持發現個案的量能；陽性率因為今天有個案有稍微上揚，但整體而言，陽性率滿低的，表示仍在控管當中；解隔離人數一樣慢慢在減少了，所有解除隔離的人數將近有3千人，現在65歲以上已經安排施打疫苗，65歲以下也會一一通知打疫苗，確保他本來就存在的社會網絡，如果還有潛藏的殘留的隱形的病毒傳播可以將它擋掉。
葉局長說，感染個案年齡層分布還是維持在60歲以上佔絕大多數，當疫苗打完之後，這個疾病的年齡分布會有更大的變化，往年輕的、沒有打疫苗的族群移動；居家隔離發病佔28%維持不變；感染源待查壓低在5%，通常要有非常完整的疫調，才能將感染源待查個案維持在5%，相對於有一些群聚感染源待查比率高達2成到3成，表示我們疫調的功夫有到位。
葉局長指出，今天新增1例的感染源待查個案，是由彰化啟動主動監測後發現到的，目前是個單一個案，這個個案是31歲，7月9日有南部的旅遊史，7月13日發病，14日主動監測轉到醫院急診室採檢，很快地就醫、採檢，CT值17.88，從發病到確診日是2天，之前有統計，過去確診的個案從發病到確診日有時候要5、6天，時間拖太長，加上發病之前就有傳染性，所以傳染出去的機會高，這個個案只有2天，且個案與家人同住，並全部匡列採檢，目前結果為陰性，另外，職場為比較小型的公司，有位職場員工採檢並居家隔離，因為可能是跟南部有關係的傳染個案，所以，拉高防疫高規格控管，這幾位匡列者都住到集中檢疫所，一人一室，以確保傳播風險能夠被更有效的控管。
葉局長說，典型的COVID19症狀或是有疑似症狀2-3天，不管有沒有旅遊史、接觸史，建議醫師一律做採檢，這個就是社區主動監測計畫2.0主動監測的機制。從5月份到現在彰化就有2百多個案例，8成個案從發病到採檢是5天、發病到確診是6天，這也是為什麼特別強調，要注意有無症狀，同時也要請醫師保持警覺性，把時間縮短，早期發現。
　　葉局長指出，現在彰化縣65歲以上長者接種率66.67%，應該要再提高，65-74歲接種率66.97%，其中70-80歲這個年齡層幾乎達到7成，主要特別要感謝有許多管道動員一起來幫忙，包括醫療院所、社區關懷據點及慢性病共同照護網的合約院所等三管齊下鼓勵長者一起打疫苗，讓彰化縣長者施打疫苗的接種率可以達到目標值六成以上。
葉局長表示，彰化縣65歲以上接種率已經超過6成5，接下來一波預約制疫苗，也有很多65歲以上的長者預約，所以接種率還會再上升。65歲以上接種率已達6成，如果家裡有老人或慢性病患，家裏面也要過半的人有接種，高風險的機構職場，裡面的員工接種也要過6成，這3個6就是666原則，可以此來評估工作職場、家庭與個人風險。
葉局長說，現在第三輪上網預約將意願調查延長到7月19日，同時提醒大家已經可以施打第2劑的縣民，也可以上網登記，彰化縣有社區藥局279家，可以幫您意願登記，也可以預約接種很方便，請大家善用。
葉局長說，早上王縣長有去看第一天的施打情形，大家都很配合，知道用生日月來分流，上半年出生就前面半小時去，下半年出生就後面半小時去，大家一起幫忙做分流，尤其，明天有很多快打站，一天下來人數上千，請大家配合分流，方便自己也方便大家。
葉局長說，今天預約接種首日情形良好，施打率很高，達98%，請大家一起配合將時間分流，把所有的疫苗都打完。另外要強調，昨天有傳出警察同仁混打的假訊息，請大家不要傳，以政府公布的為主，假訊息嚴重可處3年以下有期徒刑以及300萬元罰金，請大家配合，不要讓假訊息影響防疫工作。

「地獄空」攝影集即將在八月中元節前出版，由知名設計師與攝影家黃子欽設計，內附在下二位高徒精美繪製符咒、心經版畫書籤、愣嚴咒牌、尊勝咒語...等，感恩十方大德助印，希望疫情退散，平安喜樂，後記如下：

野放台灣五十餘年，貪狼獨坐，三方四正殺破狼格局，少年多舛，白手起家，隨展覽雲遊四海，如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返，遂設幻影堂自詡堂主，一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」，常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純，彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘，了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝，雖非仙人，亦無道骨，初聞離垢地生清淨心，但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠，待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》，心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到，意識死神隨伺在側，人生苦短，如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解，蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜，聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃，甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎，禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘，台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜（佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教＆大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教＆天德教、慈惠堂＆勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……）、神棍橫行（依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫），因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜，但地獄造景稀少，後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人，各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味，意境乖張溢於言表，造型扭曲非常人所能塑也，然匠心獨運、自成一格，專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美，絲毫不輸喬托（Giotto di Bondone，1267～1337）乃至米開朗基羅（Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564）矣。

創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節

Postscript

I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.

In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).

Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.

Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.

Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.

The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.

June 2021,

Yao Jui-chung

疫情爆發以來，藝術家能做的事不多，平常就閉關在家其實挺習慣，但是總想為社會做些事、幫上忙，想了半天安撫人心也許還行吧！於是另一本「地獄空」將趕在中元普渡八月初出版上市，由典藏出版社社長發心首肯出版，設計名家黃子欽操刀，附贈很多符咒給大家趨吉避凶。諸惡莫作，眾善奉行，疫情消退，平安喜樂。附上後記給大家解封後參訪這些宮廟，觀照自己的心所。全文如下：

野放台灣五十餘年，貪狼獨坐，三方四正殺破狼格局，少年多舛，白手起家，隨展覽雲遊四海，如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返，遂設幻影堂自詡堂主，一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」，常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鐘情黑白世界之單純，彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘，了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝，雖非仙人，亦無道骨，初聞離垢地生清淨心，但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠，待修持也。

2017年盛暑拍畢「巨神連線」，心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到，意識死神隨伺在側，人生苦短，如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒…總不得解，蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜，聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃，甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎，禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘，台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜（佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教＆大同教、儒教鸞堂、天帝教＆天德教、慈惠堂＆勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山…）、神棍橫行（依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫），因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜，但地獄造景稀少，後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人，各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味，意境乖張溢於言表，造型扭曲非常人所能塑也，然匠心獨運、自成一格，專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美，絲毫不輸喬托（Giotto di Bondone，1267～1337）乃至米開郎基羅（Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564）矣。

創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘糟屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截…等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄…兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼…等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石…小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭…等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮…等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤…等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍…等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據「十八泥犁經」記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節