關於 2020 technology inventions ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

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Continue ReadingWhy Switzerland has a nickname of innovation / by investment man.
If you ask which country is the nickname of innovation
′′ Switzerland ′′ is also one name that gets that nickname.

Why are countries with less population than people in Bangkok?
And there are 13 times smaller than Thailand's nickname is the country of innovation.
Invest man will tell you about it.
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If you want to know the possibilities of the world economy, you must understand the
World economy 1,000 years. 6th typing.
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Switzerland is located in the Western European Continent.
It's a small country of only 41,285 square kilometers.
Which area size is 13 times smaller than Thailand.
And there is no way out to sea.

Switzerland has a population of just 8.6 million, less than the estimated number of people in Bangkok, around 10 million.

But in 2019, Switzerland had GDP reaching 24 trillion baht, the world's 20th largest.
And the average income per Swiss capita is 2.7 million baht per year.
Make here the world's 2th highest average income country

Why a small country without sea exit
Population is less than the number of people in Bangkok.
And not having as many natural resources as other countries.
To have this big economic size

The answer to this story is ′′ Innovation

Do you know that the budget for research and development of Switzerland's research and development in 2020 is worth 720,000 million baht, 3 % of GDP.
Which is considered a country with budget proportion to the world's top GDP.

By investing in this aspect, it's to develop and build new knowledge.
That will lead to innovation in future.
Which helps the country have inventions, works or services.
That can meet the needs of human beings who are changing along time.

In the past, Switzerland is one country that succeeded in developing and innovating that Switzerland can rank 1 in the field of innovation from World Economic Forum's rankings for 10 consecutive years.

And this story becomes one of the key factors.
That attracts multinational companies to do business in Switzerland.
For example,

Nestlé Global Food Product Leadership Company
Year 2019 earn 3.2 trillion baht, profit 431,000 million baht.
Currently, the company's value is around 10.7 trillion baht.

Novartis company manufacturing and distribution of world's major medicine and medicine.
Year 2019 earn 1.5 trillion baht, profit 368,000 million baht.
Currently, the company's value is around 6.4 trillion baht.

ABB, Electrical Systems Engineering and World's Big Automation Technology Company.
Year 2019 earn 879,000 million baht, profit 45,000 million baht.
Currently, the company's value is around 1.7 trillion baht.

In 2019, the chemical machining industry, electronic products, the industrial group that creates export income to Switzerland over 3.7 trillion baht or almost 40 % of the country's exports.

What we can notice from this number is
Switzerland's multi-income industry is using a lot of innovation.
It's reflecting that Switzerland budgets put into research and developments make good returns for the country.

Although in the past, Switzerland has a major obstacle, there is no space to go to the sea to make a trade through the navy.

But we can see that Switzerland shuts down this weakness by innovating to develop countries and successfully stepping up to become one of the top countries of the world.

This story is another great example to see that
The country's research and development budget is important.
And a huge priority at this point
It's fine to make Switzerland become a country that is called ′′ Innovative Country..
╔═══════════╗
If you want to know the possibilities of the world economy, you must understand the
World economy 1,000 years. 6th typing.
You can order at (get 10 % discount from the cover price of 350 baht)
Lazada: https://www.lazada.co.th/products/1000-i714570154-s1368712682.html
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References
-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland
-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita
-https://www.statista.com/statistics/732269/worldwide-research-and-development-share-of-gdp-top-countries/
-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABB_Group
-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novartis
-https://finance.yahoo.com
-http://www.worldstopexports.com/switzerlands-top-10-exports/
-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9
-https://www.loveinc.com/gallerylist/73262/10-countries-that-used-to-be-poor-but-are-now-richTranslated

交通大學IBM中心特別邀請到ECE Department at New York University 的 Prof. H. Jonathan Chao 前來為我們演講，歡迎有興趣的老師與同學免費報名參加！

演講標題：CFR-RL: Traffic Engineering with Reinforcement Learning in SDN
演 講 者：Prof. H. Jonathan Chao (ECE Department at New York University)
時 間：2020/01/20(一) 15:00 ~ 17:00
地 點：交大工程四館816室
活動報名網址：https://forms.gle/k5txEfTX6jM7PBR98
聯絡方式：曾紫玲 Tel：03-5712121分機54599 Email：tzuling@nctu.edu.tw

Abstract:
Traffic Engineering (TE) is one of important network features for Software-Defined Networking (SDN) with an aim to help Internet Service Providers (ISPs) optimize network performance and resource utilization by configuring the routing across their backbone networks. Although TE solutions can achieve the optimal or near-optimal performance by rerouting as many flows as possible, they do not usually consider the negative impact, such as packet out of order, when frequently rerouting flows in the network. To mitigate the impact of network disturbance, one promising TE solution is forwarding the majority of traffic flows using Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) and selectively rerouting a few critical flows using SDN to balance link utilization of the network. However, critical flow rerouting is not trivial because the solution space for critical flow selection is immense. Moreover, it is impossible to design a heuristic algorithm for this problem based on fixed and simple rules, since rule-based heuristics are unable to adapt to the changes of the traffic matrix and network dynamics. In this talk, we describe a Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based scheme, called CFR-RL, that learns a policy to select critical flows for each given traffic matrix automatically. It then reroutes these selected critical flows to balance link utilization of the network by formulating and solving a simple Linear Programming (LP) problem. Extensive evaluations show that CFR-RL outperforms the best heuristic by 7.4% - 12.2% and reroutes only 10% - 21.3% of total traffic.

Biography:
H. Jonathan Chao is Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) at NYU, where he joined in January 1992. He is currently Director of High-Speed Networking Lab. He was Head of ECE Department from 2004-2014. He has been doing research in the areas of software defined networking, network function virtualization, datacenter networks, packet processing and switching, network security, and machine learning for networking. He holds 63 patents and has published more than 265 journal and conference papers. During 2000–2001, he was Co-Founder and CTO of Coree Networks, NJ, where he led a team to implement a multi-terabit router with carrier-class reliability. From 1985 to 1992, he was a Member of Technical Staff at Bellcore, where he was involved in network architecture designs and ASIC implementations, such as the world’s first SONET-like Framer chip, ATM Layer chip, Sequencer chip (the first chip handling packet scheduling), and ATM switch chip. He is a Fellow of National Academy of Inventors (NAI) for “having demonstrated a highly prolific spirit of innovation in creating or facilitating outstanding inventions that have made a tangible impact on quality of life, economic development, and the welfare of society.” He is a Fellow of the IEEE for his contributions to the architecture and application of VLSI circuits in high-speed packet networks. He received Bellcore Excellence Award in 1987. He is a co-recipient of the 2001 Best Paper Award from the IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology. He coauthored three networking books. He worked for Telecommunication Lab in Taiwan from 1977 to 1981. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in electronics engineering from National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, in 1977 and 1980, respectively, and his Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from The Ohio State University in 1985.

新刊出版 NEW RELEASE !

Voices of Photography 攝影之聲
Issue 25 : 監控 : 科技資本主義及其不滿
Surveillance: Technocapitalism and Its Discontents

歡迎來到2019，在本世紀將加速前往第二個十年的同時，全球正進入新型態的治理境界，一個炫麗繽紛的數位異化年代。科技資本主義鼓吹的美好網路資訊社會、數位公民幻景，現已整合為順從技術應用與網路社群企業的領導，使人在不斷製造的便利、歡愉與安全的服務口號中上癮，聽任其監控我們的一舉一動，將我們挾帶進難以辨識的、以演算法、審查與評分機制流動控管的漩渦之中，牢牢確保現實世界按照既有的政商權力體系運作。當資料從原本網路科技的副產品，變成如今科技資本主義發展的主要目的，成為「資料（影像）」而非「使用者」的我們，如何建立反支配的能力？

在本期《攝影之聲》中，陳界仁揭示當前科技-政經複合體的「全域式」操控警訊，在人類的自我意識存在危機與新種姓制度降臨之前，尋求從中突圍的思考路徑；義大利藝術家保羅．奇理歐對網路重商主義造成個人資料的濫用加以反擊，藉由遊走在法律邊際的藝術介入，提出積極干預與對抗的社會實踐；作為網路藝術的先鋒，鄭淑麗將在威尼斯雙年展台灣館展出的「3×3×6」，延伸邊沁的環形監獄概念，以3D影像掃描、臉部辨識技術與行動應用程式裝置，駭入「數據全景敞視監控」（data panopticon）的當代牢籠，呈現跨域解放的科幻異托邦地景。同時，我們也邀請影像研究學者黃建宏與新媒體藝術家陶亞倫進行深度對談，論析監控結構、影像科技與人性欲望的糾葛關係。

此外，本期收錄多篇專文：張世倫以蘇育賢錄像作品中脫逃移工的影像所引發的監管議題、以及台灣攝影史上第一次全島大規模拍攝身分證的影像事件等，疏理攝影本身隱含的治理元素；孫松榮則從1980年代初、台灣首位銀行搶犯李師科被監視器拍下的身影，乃至高重黎與陳界仁的錄像藝術，剖析體制的視線規訓；施懿珊的網路社會生態實驗與身分發明，持續進行新一波數位統治術的思辨與未來預示；顧錚藉由冷戰時期東德秘密警察遺留的影像檔案，一探諜報監視技術的早年發展；張瑋探尋敏感反映監控體系的當代藝術，思索科技應用與控制之間的辯證啟示。

「攝影書製作現場」單元進入「編輯」階段，特別訪問日本著名攝影出版社蒼穹舍的創辦人、資深圖片編輯大田通貴，並記錄了大田的影像編輯工作實況。「影像香港」單元則論辨十九世紀初、香港第一位攝影師的攝影史推論解讀。

2019年的歷史意義，是為了進入2020政治權力佈局而存在的一年。賽博空間作為兵家必爭之地，權力引發的控制欲也將啟動網路科技新一波的社會效應。在這個政治人物集體網紅化、並試圖將公民鄉民化的詭譎時刻，你我將在歡樂的聲效氣氛中，準備迎接從未經歷過的處境。

● 購買 Order | http://bit.ly/vop25

Welcome to 2019, a dazzling era of digital alienation as this century accelerates into its second decade and the world enters a new state of governance. The glorious information society and visions of a digital citizenry advocated by technocapitalism have integrated into leaders of technology application and Internet social enterprises. We find ourselves hooked on the constant slogans of convenience, pleasure and security, allowing our every move to be monitored while being dragged into a whirlpool whose flow is controlled by an unrecognizable mechanism of algorithm, review and scoring, thereby ensuring that the real world operates in accordance with established political and business powers. As data transforms itself from a by-product of network technology to become the main purpose behind the development of technological capitalism, how do we build the ability to resist domination as we turn from ‘users’ to ‘data (images)’?

In this issue of Voices of Photography, Chieh-Jen Chen rings the alarm on the pervasive control of the current political economy of science and technology, seeking a path of thought towards a way out before the descent of an existential crisis and a new caste system. Italian artist Paolo Cirio strikes back at the abuse of personal data resulting from Internet mercantilism through social practices of active interference and confrontation, using art forms that teeter on the edge of law. As a pioneer of Internet art, Shu-Lea Cheang will be representing Taiwan at the 58th Venice Biennale with “3×3×6”, an extension of Jeremy Bentham’s concept of panopticon. Hacking into the “data panopticon” of a contemporary prison using 3D image scanning, facial recognition technology and mobile applications, a cross-domain and liberated sci-fi heterotopia opens up. At the same time, we have also invited imagery researcher Chien-Hung Huang and new media artist Ya-Lun Tao for an in-depth discussion to analyzing the complex relationship between surveillance structures, imaging technologies and human desires.

Readers will also find a number of essays in this issue: Shih-Lun Chang reveals the political element hidden in photography as he takes a look at the regulatory issues that were sparked from the image of an escaped migrant worker in Yu-Hsien Su’s video work, and the first large-scale identity card photoshoot in the photography history of Taiwan; Song-Yong Sing analyzes the institutional discipline of vision through the images of Shih-Ke Lee, the first bank robber in Taiwan in the early 1980s, that were caught on a surveillance camera, and the video artworks by Chung-Li Kao and Chieh-Jen Chen; Yi-Shan Shih continues to contemplate and predict a future that is dominated by the new digital wave through her Internet social ecological experiments and identity inventions; Gu Zheng explores the early development of espionage surveillance technology through image files left behind by the East German secret police during the Cold War; Chang Wei ponders the dialectical relationship between technology application and control as she looks at contemporary art that consciously reflects the system of surveillance.

The “Photobook Making: Case Study” series enters the “Editing” phase. We have a special interview with Michitaka Ota, the founder of the renowned Japanese photography publishing house, Sokyu-Sha, who is also an experienced image editor, and follow him in action at image editing work. Meanwhile, the “Image Hong Kong” section discusses the interpretation of the photographic history of Hong Kong’s first photographer in the early 19th century.

2019's significance as a year is because it exists for the political power mapping of 2020. As cyberspace turns into a crucial battleground for strategists, the desire for control that comes with power will also trigger a new wave of social implications brought about by Internet technology. In these volatile times when politicians are becoming Internet sensations and trying to turn citizens into netizens, we will be preparing to face never-before-encountered situations in an atmosphere of joyful theatrics.

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Voices of Photography 攝影之聲
www.vopmagazine.com