FDA批准首款登革熱疫苗Dengvaxia
登革熱疫苗Dengvaxia
雖可用於預防所有血清型(1、2、3和4型)登革熱病毒,但只適用於9到16歲,生活在流行地區或經檢驗確認曾受過登革熱病毒的感染的患者。
Dengvaxia是一款活性減毒疫苗,接種需進行三次注射,每次注射間相隔6個月。
第一次感染登革熱病毒通常無症狀或僅有輕度症狀,常被誤診為流感或其他病毒感染,但二次感染則可能導致嚴重如出血性登革熱(Dengue hemorrhagic fever, DHF)、甚至休克。
也因此,Dengvaxia不能用於未受過登革熱病毒感染的人群,因為在沒有感染過登革熱病毒的人群中,Dengvaxia會呈現初次感染登革熱病毒的症狀,進而導致二次感染時,產生更嚴重的登革熱症狀。醫護人員需在為個人接種疫苗之前,通過檢測確認其曾經受到過登革熱病毒感染。
FDA Approves First Vaccine for Dengue, With Restrictions
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the first vaccine to prevent dengue disease caused by all dengue virus serotypes (1, 2, 3, and 4) for people aged 9 through 16 years who have previously had laboratory-confirmed dengue infection and who live in endemic areas.
The vaccine, Dengvaxia (Sanofi Pasteur), is a live, attenuated vaccine given in three injections. The initial dose is followed by two additional injections 6 and 12 months later.
"Dengue disease is the most common mosquito-borne viral disease in the world and global incidence has increased in recent decades. While there is no cure for dengue disease, [this] approval is an important step toward helping to reduce the impact of this virus in endemic regions of the United States," Anna Abram, FDA deputy commissioner for policy, legislation, and international affairs, said in a news release.
Dengue is endemic in the US territories of American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands.
A first dengue infection usually causes no symptoms or is a mild illness that resembles the flu or another viral infection. However, a subsequent infection can lead to severe dengue and may result in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), which can be fatal. Most cases of severe dengue are associated with a second dengue virus infection. Because no drugs have been specifically approved for the treatment of dengue disease, care is limited to the management of symptoms.
"Infection by one type of dengue virus usually provides immunity against that specific serotype, but a subsequent infection by any of the other three serotypes of the virus increases the risk of developing severe dengue disease, which may lead to hospitalization or even death," said Peter Marks, MD, director of the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, in the press release. "As the second infection with dengue is often much more severe than the first, the FDA's approval of this vaccine will help protect people previously infected with dengue virus from subsequent development of dengue disease."
The safety and effectiveness of Dengvaxia were demonstrated in three randomized, placebo-controlled studies involving about 35,000 individuals in dengue-endemic areas, including Puerto Rico, Latin America, and the Asia Pacific region.
The vaccine was roughly 76% effective in preventing symptomatic, laboratory-confirmed dengue disease in individuals aged 9 to 16 years who had previously had laboratory-confirmed dengue disease.
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FDA Approves First Vaccine for Dengue, With Restrictions
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the first vaccine to prevent dengue disease caused by all dengue virus serotypes (1, 2, 3, and 4) for people aged 9 through 16 years who have previously had laboratory-confirmed dengue infection and who live in endemic areas.
The vaccine, Dengvaxia (Sanofi Pasteur), is a live, attenuated vaccine given in three injections. The initial dose is followed by two additional injections 6 and 12 months later.
"Dengue disease is the most common mosquito-borne viral disease in the world and global incidence has increased in recent decades. While there is no cure for dengue disease, [this] approval is an important step toward helping to reduce the impact of this virus in endemic regions of the United States," Anna Abram, FDA deputy commissioner for policy, legislation, and international affairs, said in a news release.
Dengue is endemic in the US territories of American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands.
A first dengue infection usually causes no symptoms or is a mild illness that resembles the flu or another viral infection. However, a subsequent infection can lead to severe dengue and may result in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), which can be fatal. Most cases of severe dengue are associated with a second dengue virus infection. Because no drugs have been specifically approved for the treatment of dengue disease, care is limited to the management of symptoms.
"Infection by one type of dengue virus usually provides immunity against that specific serotype, but a subsequent infection by any of the other three serotypes of the virus increases the risk of developing severe dengue disease, which may lead to hospitalization or even death," said Peter Marks, MD, director of the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, in the press release. "As the second infection with dengue is often much more severe than the first, the FDA's approval of this vaccine will help protect people previously infected with dengue virus from subsequent development of dengue disease."
The safety and effectiveness of Dengvaxia were demonstrated in three randomized, placebo-controlled studies involving about 35,000 individuals in dengue-endemic areas, including Puerto Rico, Latin America, and the Asia Pacific region.
The vaccine was roughly 76% effective in preventing symptomatic, laboratory-confirmed dengue disease in individuals aged 9 to 16 years who had previously had laboratory-confirmed dengue disease.
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