關於 vice versa example ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

A few months ago when @theomarmukhtar got a double golden book entry for his excellent performance at school, we asked him what cake he wants to celebrate his outstanding achievements. I can still remember he instantaneously replied “Rainbow Cake”! Obviously I was surprised and asked him again to make sure that my 14 year old son really wanted a rainbow cake to celebrate his achievements. And without hesitation he confirmed “Yes, I want a rainbow cake!!” So Mr Dad went ahead and bought him the rainbow cake that he claimed that he ‘wants’. He only ate a slice of the cake and the rest was joyously enjoyed by his little brother and sister - Fatimah and Ali. I guess I do not need to explain further why he chose the cake. My selfless eldest son @theomarmukhtar has always put other people first before himself. Even to celebrate his achievements he still chose a cake that Fatimah and Ali would be enjoying more than him - bless him!

Last Friday, 2nd July was Ali’s 6th birthday. As you know, Ali’s been claiming that he is Fatimah’s twin and has been sharing Fatimah’s birthday ever since. So for his 6th birthday when Mr Dad asked Ali what cake he wants for his birthday, he secretly requested Mr Dad to surprise him with any cake but make sure the colour is pink cos whenever it’s his birthday it means that it will be Fatimah’s half birthday too and vice versa. So if you asked how close Fatimah and Ali are…well I can assure you that they are just like other normal siblings - they do fight and make up. But I guess there’s no need to prove how much they love one another cos at the end of the day, actions speak louder than words. And for this, I owe my biggest thank you to my #LuckyNumber1 @theomarmukhtar for setting the best example for your little brother and sister to follow.

May The Almighty protect all of our children’s hearts and make them love one another till their last breath and protect them all from the evil eye…

Blessed,
Mrs Mom - a mother blessed with 3 amazing children...sharing parenthood experience!
#wisemomsays

p/s: Happy 6th Birthday Ali & Happy 7 and a half Birthday Fatimah ♥️
#TheAccidentalTwins

Be Who You Are, Not What Others Want You To Be!❤

Why are you single? When are you going to get married? When are you having kids? Why you don't have kids? Why is she/he divorced? What happened to them? Why are they like that? Why and why and why people like to ask these insensitive questions, being prejudice, stereotyping, speculates, gossips, and make inappropriate judgments.

How can you ask something that someone can't 100% control, just like death? Some things are unknown, it's like asking, when are you going to die? It's common sense. If you don't know this answer, means you won't know the exact why for such questions.

When someone is single by choice or it's not just the right time for them, let it be. So what if that person wants to be or will be single forever? It may be better for the person than being with the wrong partner for the rest of the person's life. You don't meddle with God's plan or even someone's choices. You can't force people to get into relationships, what's more marriage. If it is forced, how can a marriage be happy and whole? Love is a huge topic. Again it's not just about relationships and marriage.

People should not pretend to be stupid, play dumb, needy, spoiled, or fake just to attract/be with a life partner. Women and men should have their own intelligence, personality, independence, and truthfulness in life. We want to be real and genuine, and if someone wants us to be part of their life, it's better for them to know the real us from the get-go. Not presenting a false front.

A healthy relationship should be two individuals who love and care for each other, support, motivate, respect, be kind, honest, loyal, help, guide, communicate well, listen and give the very best to each other, by also being the best version of themselves. Not one person should be superior to the other or vice versa. If you feel forced and put yourself down for another person, you are probably in the wrong relationship.

Put aside status, education level, salary, or position in career, a partner and a healthy relationship should be side by side, be supportive, help each other, understand each other strengths and weaknesses, able to give and take/compromise, and open to learning from each other when it comes to marriage or any relationship.

A woman's or man's characteristics for example being soft or strong, and men prefer soft/more feminine women, and women who are less intelligent/educated than them, should not be generalized. Some men admire women who are intelligent/educated, strong, and independent and women have their preferences too. Different people are attracted to different traits. No one size fits all.

No one should pretend to be less than she/he is for the opposite partner to feel desirable or dominant. If a person desperately and constantly trying to boost their ego, be dominant or prove power especially in a relationship, this may lead to negative behavioral patterns and impacts such as emotional instability, harassment, abuse, bullying, verbal and physical violence, unhappiness, and depression.

We are all individuals in the end and have our differences. As a human being, one of the goals in life is trying to be better than we were yesterday. Trying to change ourselves for the sake of pleasing someone and pretending just to make someone feel happy or superior is not healthy and can jeopardize our own mental health and also the relationship in the long run.

If we want to change something, for example, I want to be more fitter, healthier, happier, smarter, financially independent, and so forth, it is for ourselves (without being selfish or self-absorbed). If we take care of ourselves first then we can take care of others better. Do for yourself and the motivation will be sustainable than doing for other people.

Respect and love yourself. Respect the people around you. Then we should not be degrading or intimidate anyone. This will make you a better person. We attract what we are.

Life is unique, so does human beings. Life itself is bigger than getting married, having kids, make tons of money, and so forth. This is the typical life cycles, stages and goals we all have learned in our life. The strong pressures in society dictate what is better and not just because that's what it is for the past generations have been. The pressure to fit in with society's standards and expectations is also there.

As a society and individual, let's understand deeper that not everyone will have the same life cycles and even life goals. There are things we can control and can't control. Not everything that is good for you is going to be good for other people. Having or not having something can be a blessing and sometimes only God knows why.

In life, some may walk their path of life and make choices completely different from us and that's perfectly fine. We all have our own unique journey and that makes us different, and we can use that differences to make life better for ourselves and the life of others.

Let this sink in.

#sfartography #rainbowpegasus #life #lifeadvice #motivation #relationships #marriage #begenuine #bereal #beyou

📜 [專欄新文章] Uniswap v3 Features Explained in Depth

✍️ 田少谷 Shao

📥 歡迎投稿： https://medium.com/taipei-ethereum-meetup #徵技術分享文 #使用心得 #教學文 #medium

Once again the game-changing DEX 🦄 👑

Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

Outline

0. Intro1. Uniswap & AMM recap2. Ticks 3. Concentrated liquidity4. Range orders: reversible limit orders5. Impacts of v36. Conclusion

0. Intro

The announcement of Uniswap v3 is no doubt one of the most exciting news in the DeFi place recently 🔥🔥🔥

While most have talked about the impact v3 can potentially bring on the market, seldom explain the delicate implementation techniques to realize all those amazing features, such as concentrated liquidity, limit-order-like range orders, etc.

Since I’ve covered Uniswap v1 & v2 (if you happen to know Mandarin, here are v1 & v2), there’s no reason for me to not cover v3 as well ✅

Thus, this article aims to guide readers through Uniswap v3, based on their official whitepaper and examples made on the announcement page. However, one needs not to be an engineer, as not many codes are involved, nor a math major, as the math involved is definitely taught in your high school, to fully understand the following content 😊😊😊

If you really make it through but still don’t get shxt, feedbacks are welcomed! 🙏

There should be another article focusing on the codebase, so stay tuned and let’s get started with some background noise!

1. Uniswap & AMM recap

Before diving in, we have to first recap the uniqueness of Uniswap and compare it to traditional order book exchanges.

Uniswap v1 & v2 are a kind of AMMs (automated market marker) that follow the constant product equation x * y = k, with x & y stand for the amount of two tokens X and Y in a pool and k as a constant.

Comparing to order book exchanges, AMMs, such as the previous versions of Uniswap, offer quite a distinct user experience:

AMMs have pricing functions that offer the price for the two tokens, which make their users always price takers, while users of order book exchanges can be both makers or takers.

Uniswap as well as most AMMs have infinite liquidity¹, while order book exchanges don’t. The liquidity of Uniswap v1 & v2 is provided throughout the price range [0,∞]².

Uniswap as well as most AMMs have price slippage³ and it’s due to the pricing function, while there isn’t always price slippage on order book exchanges as long as an order is fulfilled within one tick.

In an order book, each price (whether in green or red) is a tick. Image source: https://ftx.com/trade/BTC-PERP

¹ though the price gets worse over time; AMM of constant sum such as mStable does not have infinite liquidity

² the range is in fact [-∞,∞], while a price in most cases won’t be negative

³ AMM of constant sum does not have price slippage

2. Tick

The whole innovation of Uniswap v3 starts from ticks.

For those unfamiliar with what is a tick:

Source: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/tick.asp

By slicing the price range [0,∞] into numerous granular ticks, trading on v3 is highly similar to trading on order book exchanges, with only three differences:

The price range of each tick is predefined by the system instead of being proposed by users.

Trades that happen within a tick still follows the pricing function of the AMM, while the equation has to be updated once the price crosses the tick.

Orders can be executed with any price within the price range, instead of being fulfilled at the same one price on order book exchanges.

With the tick design, Uniswap v3 possesses most of the merits of both AMM and an order book exchange! 💯💯💯

So, how is the price range of a tick decided?

This question is actually somewhat related to the tick explanation above: the minimum tick size for stocks trading above 1$ is one cent.

The underlying meaning of a tick size traditionally being one cent is that one cent (1% of 1$) is the basis point of price changes between ticks, ex: 1.02 — 1.01 = 0.1.

Uniswap v3 employs a similar idea: compared to the previous/next price, the price change should always be 0.01% = 1 basis point.

However, notice the difference is that in the traditional basis point, the price change is defined with subtraction, while here in Uniswap it’s division.

This is how price ranges of ticks are decided⁴:

Image source: https://uniswap.org/whitepaper-v3.pdf

With the above equation, the tick/price range can be recorded in the index form [i, i+1], instead of some crazy numbers such as 1.0001¹⁰⁰ = 1.0100496621.

As each price is the multiplication of 1.0001 of the previous price, the price change is always 1.0001 — 1 = 0.0001 = 0.01%.

For example, when i=1, p(1) = 1.0001; when i=2, p(2) = 1.00020001.

p(2) / p(1) = 1.00020001 / 1.0001 = 1.0001

See the connection between the traditional basis point 1 cent (=1% of 1$) and Uniswap v3’s basis point 0.01%?

Image source: https://tenor.com/view/coin-master-cool-gif-19748052

But sir, are prices really granular enough? There are many shitcoins with prices less than 0.000001$. Will such prices be covered as well?

Price range: max & min

To know if an extremely small price is covered or not, we have to figure out the max & min price range of v3 by looking into the spec: there is a int24 tick state variable in UniswapV3Pool.sol.

Image source: https://uniswap.org/whitepaper-v3.pdf

The reason for a signed integer int instead of an uint is that negative power represents prices less than 1 but greater than 0.

24 bits can cover the range between 1.0001 ^ (2²³ — 1) and 1.0001 ^ -(2)²³. Even Google cannot calculate such numbers, so allow me to offer smaller values to have a rough idea of the whole price range:

1.0001 ^ (2¹⁸) = 242,214,459,604.341

1.0001 ^ -(2¹⁷) = 0.000002031888943

I think it’s safe to say that with a int24 the range can cover > 99.99% of the prices of all assets in the universe 👌

⁴ For implementation concern, however, a square root is added to both sides of the equation.

How about finding out which tick does a price belong to?

Tick index from price

The answer to this question is rather easy, as we know that p(i) = 1.0001^i, simply takes a log with base 1.0001 on both sides of the equation⁴:

Image source: https://www.codecogs.com/latex/eqneditor.php

Let’s try this out, say we wanna find out the tick index of 1000000.

Image source: https://ncalculators.com/number-conversion/log-logarithm-calculator.htm

Now, 1.0001¹³⁸¹⁶² = 999,998.678087146. Voila!

⁵ This formula is also slightly modified to fit the real implementation usage.

3. Concentrated liquidity

Now that we know how ticks and price ranges are decided, let’s talk about how orders are executed in a tick, what is concentrated liquidity and how it enables v3 to compete with stablecoin-specialized DEXs (decentralized exchange), such as Curve, by improving the capital efficiency.

Concentrated liquidity means LPs (liquidity providers) can provide liquidity to any price range/tick at their wish, which causes the liquidity to be imbalanced in ticks.

As each tick has a different liquidity depth, the corresponding pricing function x * y = k also won’t be the same!

Each tick has its own liquidity depth. Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

Mmm… examples are always helpful for abstract descriptions 😂

Say the original pricing function is 100(x) * 1000(y) = 100000(k), with the price of X token 1000 / 100 = 10 and we’re now in the price range [9.08, 11.08].

If the liquidity of the price range [11.08, 13.08] is the same as [9.08, 11.08], we don’t have to modify the pricing function if the price goes from 10 to 11.08, which is the boundary between two ticks.

The price of X is 1052.63 / 95 = 11.08 when the equation is 1052.63 * 95 = 100000.

However, if the liquidity of the price range [11.08, 13.08] is two times that of the current range [9.08, 11.08], balances of x and y should be doubled, which makes the equation become 2105.26 * 220 = 400000, which is (1052.63 * 2) * (110 * 2) = (100000 * 2 * 2).

We can observe the following two points from the above example:

Trades always follow the pricing function x * y = k, while once the price crosses the current price range/tick, the liquidity/equation has to be updated.

√(x * y) = √k = L is how we represent the liquidity, as I say the liquidity of x * y = 400000 is two times the liquidity of x * y = 100000, as √(400000 / 100000) = 2.

What’s more, compared to liquidity on v1 & v2 is always spread across [0,∞], liquidity on v3 can be concentrated within certain price ranges and thus results in higher capital efficiency from traders’ swapping fees!

Let’s say if I provide liquidity in the range [1200, 2800], the capital efficiency will then be 4.24x higher than v2 with the range [0,∞] 😮😮😮 There’s a capital efficiency comparison calculator, make sure to try it out!

Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

It’s worth noticing that the concept of concentrated liquidity was proposed and already implemented by Kyper, prior to Uniswap, which is called Automated Price Reserve in their case.⁵

⁶ Thanks to Yenwen Feng for the information.

4. Range orders: reversible limit orders

As explained in the above section, LPs of v3 can provide liquidity to any price range/tick at their wish. Depending on the current price and the targeted price range, there are three scenarios:

current price < the targeted price range

current price > the targeted price range

current price belongs to the targeted price range

The first two scenarios are called range orders. They have unique characteristics and are essentially fee-earning reversible limit orders, which will be explained later.

The last case is the exact same liquidity providing mechanism as the previous versions: LPs provide liquidity in both tokens of the same value (= amount * price).

There’s also an identical product to the case: grid trading, a very powerful investment tool for a time of consolidation. Dunno what’s grid trading? Check out Binance’s explanation on this, as this topic won’t be covered!

In fact, LPs of Uniswap v1 & v2 are grid trading with a range of [0,∞] and the entry price as the baseline.

Range orders

To understand range orders, we’d have to first revisit how price is discovered on Uniswap with the equation x * y = k, for x & y stand for the amount of two tokens X and Y and k as a constant.

The price of X compared to Y is y / x, which means how many Y one can get for 1 unit of X, and vice versa the price of Y compared to X is x / y.

For the price of X to go up, y has to increase and x decrease.

With this pricing mechanism in mind, it’s example time!

Say an LP plans to place liquidity in the price range [15.625, 17.313], higher than the current price of X 10, when 100(x) * 1000(y) = 100000(k).

The price of X is 1250 / 80 = 15.625 when the equation is 80 * 1250 = 100000.

The price of X is 1315.789 / 76 = 17.313 when the equation is 76 * 1315.789 = 100000.

If now the price of X reaches 15.625, the only way for the price of X to go even higher is to further increase y and decrease x, which means exchanging a certain amount of X for Y.

Thus, to provide liquidity in the range [15.625, 17.313], an LP needs only to prepare 80 — 76 = 4 of X. If the price exceeds 17.313, all 4 X of the LP is swapped into 1315.789 — 1250 = 65.798 Y, and then the LP has nothing more to do with the pool, as his/her liquidity is drained.

What if the price stays in the range? It’s exactly what LPs would love to see, as they can earn swapping fees for all transactions in the range! Also, the balance of X will swing between [76, 80] and the balance of Y between [1250, 1315.789].

This might not be obvious, but the example above shows an interesting insight: if the liquidity of one token is provided, only when the token becomes more valuable will it be exchanged for the less valuable one.

…wut? 🤔

Remember that if 4 X is provided within [15.625, 17.313], only when the price of X goes up from 15.625 to 17.313 is 4 X gradually swapped into Y, the less valuable one!

What if the price of X drops back immediately after reaching 17.313? As X becomes less valuable, others are going to exchange Y for X.

The below image illustrates the scenario of DAI/USDC pair with a price range of [1.001, 1.002] well: the pool is always composed entirely of one token on both sides of the tick, while in the middle 1.001499⁶ is of both tokens.

Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

Similarly, to provide liquidity in a price range < current price, an LP has to prepare a certain amount of Y for others to exchange Y for X within the range.

To wrap up such an interesting feature, we know that:

Only one token is required for range orders.

Only when the current price is within the range of the range order can LP earn trading fees. This is the main reason why most people believe LPs of v3 have to monitor the price more actively to maximize their income, which also means that LPs of v3 have become arbitrageurs 🤯

I will be discussing more the impacts of v3 in 5. Impacts of v3.

⁷ 1.001499988 = √(1.0001 * 1.0002) is the geometric mean of 1.0001 and 1.0002. The implication is that the geometric mean of two prices is the average execution price within the range of the two prices.

Reversible limit orders

As the example in the last section demonstrates, if there is 4 X in range [15.625, 17.313], the 4 X will be completely converted into 65.798 Y when the price goes over 17.313.

We all know that a price can stay in a wide range such as [10, 11] for quite some time, while it’s unlikely so in a narrow range such as [15.625, 15.626].

Thus, if an LP provides liquidity in [15.625, 15.626], we can expect that once the price of X goes over 15.625 and immediately also 15.626, and does not drop back, all X are then forever converted into Y.

The concept of having a targeted price and the order will be executed after the price is crossed is exactly the concept of limit orders! The only difference is that if the range of a range order is not narrow enough, it’s highly possible that the conversion of tokens will be reverted once the price falls back to the range.

As price ranges follow the equation p(i) = 1.0001 ^ i, the range can be quite narrow and a range order can thus effectively serve as a limit order:

When i = 27490, 1.0001²⁷⁴⁹⁰ = 15.6248.⁸

When i = 27491, 1.0001²⁷⁴⁹¹ = 15.6264.⁸

A range of 0.0016 is not THAT narrow but can certainly satisfy most limit order use cases!

⁸ As mentioned previously in note #4, there is a square root in the equation of the price and index, thus the numbers here are for explantion only.

5. Impacts of v3

Higher capital efficiency, LPs become arbitrageurs… as v3 has made tons of radical changes, I’d like to summarize my personal takes of the impacts of v3:

Higher capital efficiency makes one of the most frequently considered indices in DeFi: TVL, total value locked, becomes less meaningful, as 1$ on Uniswap v3 might have the same effect as 100$ or even 2000$ on v2.

The ease of spot exchanging between spot exchanges used to be a huge advantage of spot markets over derivative markets. As LPs will take up the role of arbitrageurs and arbitraging is more likely to happen on v3 itself other than between DEXs, this gap is narrowed … to what extent? No idea though.

LP strategies and the aggregation of NFT of Uniswap v3 liquidity token are becoming the blue ocean for new DeFi startups: see Visor and Lixir. In fact, this might be the turning point for both DeFi and NFT: the two main reasons of blockchain going mainstream now come to the alignment of interest: solving the $$ problem 😏😏😏

In the right venue, which means a place where transaction fees are low enough, such as Optimism, we might see Algo trading firms coming in to share the market of designing LP strategies on Uniswap v3, as I believe Algo trading is way stronger than on-chain strategies or DAO voting to add liquidity that sort of thing.

After reading this article by Parsec.finance: The Dex to Rule Them All, I cannot help but wonder: maybe there is going to be centralized crypto exchanges adopting v3’s approach. The reason is that since orders of LPs in the same tick are executed pro-rata, the endless front-running speeding-competition issue in the Algo trading world, to some degree, is… solved? 🤔

Anyway, personal opinions can be biased and seriously wrong 🙈 I’m merely throwing out a sprat to catch a whale. Having a different voice? Leave your comment down below!

6. Conclusion

That was kinda tough, isn’t it? Glad you make it through here 🥂🥂🥂

There are actually many more details and also a huge section of Oracle yet to be covered. However, since this article is more about features and targeting normal DeFi users, I’ll leave those to the next one; hope there is one 😅

If you have any doubt or find any mistake, please feel free to reach out to me and I’d try to reply AFAP!

Stay tuned and in the meantime let’s wait and see how Uniswap v3 is again pioneering the innovation of DeFi 🌟

Uniswap v3 Features Explained in Depth was originally published in Taipei Ethereum Meetup on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

👏 歡迎轉載分享鼓掌

ใหม่ All-New Nissan Almera / Versa 2019 - 2020 นิสสัน อัลเมร่า เวอร์ซ่า โฉมใหม่ล่าสุด อวดโฉมตัวจริง พร้อมฟีเจอร์สำคัญ

FORT LAUDERDALE, FL – Surrounded by beach loving concert-goers on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, Nissan, partnered with Live Nation to unveil its all-new 2020 Versa in the middle of a pop-up performance from popular country music star Kane Brown.

The unique introduction, at Rock the Ocean's Tortuga Music Festival, was fitting for the completely redesigned subcompact car poised to redefine the segment. Already the sales-leading nameplate of the subcompact sedan category1, the 2020 Nissan Versa which goes on sale summer 2019, offers a new level of refinement with a dramatic design and is loaded with technology and safety features not usually found in the segment – all for a price fitting buyers in the segment.

"First impressions are exceptionally important, which is why we are thrilled to introduce the all-new 2020 Versa directly to our customers in such a memorable way," said Claudia Marquez, vice president of sales operations, Nissan North America, Inc. "The Versa is our first impression into the Nissan family. I believe that when customers see this beautiful new car and all the amazing technology that comes with it for the price, they will be part of the Nissan family for life."

The third of four popular Nissan cars to be redesigned in the past seven months, the all-new Versa – with a clear design expression of the Nissan brand – will serve the more than five million customers who buy sedans each year in the U.S. Sedans remain a popular choice for Gen X, Millennials and multicultural customers.

"As other nameplates exit the field, we see a real opportunity to build our segment-leading market share and nurture this crucial group of new-car buyers. More importantly, the new dramatic Nissan Versa design and jam packed list of features will ensure that customers feel confident they made no compromises in that first purchase," said Marquez.

Technology is a top priority in the all-new Nissan Versa, featuring available Nissan Safety Shield 360, a prime example of Nissan Intelligent Mobility that helps provide front, side and rear safety monitoring and intervention technologies. Standard safety features include Automatic Emergency Braking with Pedestrian Detection, Rear Automatic Braking, Lane Departure Warning and High Beam Assist. Available equipment includes Blind Spot Warning, Rear Cross Traffic Alert, Intelligent Driver Alertness and Intelligent Cruise Control.

Five trading tips and techniques to identify trends.

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Trend Indicator #1
The first tool that you can use to help you identify the direction of the trend is a line chart. So for example, if you look at this, alright, this is a normal, typical candlestick chart. And for those of you who are seasoned, right, you might probably guess already that you know, hey, you know, the trend is towards the upside. But for newer traders who are struggling, right, to even see this, alright? You can use a line chart to help you better visualize it. Here's an example, right. This is the same line chart as you saw earlier. And because you're only focusing on the lines, right, the trend now becomes more apparent. So, if you're often, right, struggling to identify the direction of the trend, try changing it to a line chart, right, and it might help you see better, okay?

Trend Indicator #2
The second technique, right, that I want to share with you is price action, right? How you can use price action to identify the direction of the trend. And it's quite simple. What you're trying to do is to locate the swing-high and swing-lows in a market, because you know, in an uptrend, it consists of higher highs and higher lows. So in this example, you can see that you have a series of higher lows, higher lows, higher lows, higher lows, and higher lows. Right, so this tells you that the general trend is toward the upside. And vice versa, if you see, right, a series of lower highs, right, in this case, a series of lower highs, lower high, a lower high, a lower high, a lower high, it tells you that the trend is towards the downside, okay?

Trend Indicator #3
So the moving average is a simple indicator that pretty much sums up the historical price on the charts. So for example, a 200 period moving average takes the closing price over the last 200 candles, alright, and plop it as a line on your chart. So as you can see over here, right? This case, right, this black line over here, is the 200-period moving average. So a very simple technique that you can use is that if the price is above the 200 period moving average, then the longterm trend is up. Okay, let me repeat once more. If the price is above the 200 period moving average, then the longterm trend is up. So this means, right, you don't have to note it into account the swing-high and swing-lows in a market. So for example, in this case, you, at this point, right, you have a lower high over here, right?

Trend Indicator #4
The fourth thing that I want to share with you is what we call a trend line. So a trend line is something like support and resistance, but the only difference is that a trend line is diagonal. It's pointing towards a direction, okay? So you can see that a trend line, this case, right, tells you the direction of the trend as well, because if the trend line is pointing higher, it's slanting upwards, it tells you that the trend is towards the upside. And also, just like the moving average, right, the steepness of the trend, right, the steepness of it, the angle of it, tells you the strength of a trend. If you see a trend-right, that is very steep, right, almost parabolic, and it's telling you that the trend is really strong.

Trend Indicator #5
So, the trend line is another way that can help you identify the direction of the trend, and gauge the strength of it. And also, right, another variation of a trend line is what we call a trend channel. Right, so a trend channel is like a trend line. The only difference is, right, and you have this upward boundary over here. So if you remove this upward boundary, this is just a typical trend line that you see. Alright, but now with this upward boundary, it gives you a cap, right, to tell you where the price, where the market may potentially find resistance.

Hmm....Continue from Part 1, this vblog for Part 2️⃣ ~ SiennyLovesDrawing?? gonna sharing her own self day makeup ???practice in the workshop, how she did it from theory learnt & then seek guidance from instructor ??‍? to complete her day makeup ?

From her own learning experience & attendance, this workshop definitely worth the RM100 fee paid for a makeup beginner

Why?

She has gained a lot from the great content delivery, including able to try Focallure USA makeup products. Special thanks to product sponsor ~ Ayu La Bonita Cosmetics, the sole original distributor in Malaysia. Do check out their IG @AyuLaBonita4u for more details & purchase ya

She loves the detailed content delivery by the instructor, moreover she is very friendly & addressed clearly each questions raised to her during the workshop. The instructor also observed & helped each participants during the Part 2 own day makeup preparation

Personally she enjoyed this focus & personal guidance by instructor to help & guide on unsure application of theory to practice. For example, as shared in her vblog, she made mistakes on eyebrows drawing & contouring. Then, instructor has helped & provide clear explanation in guiding her for correct way. Really appreciate the effort by the instructor. Thank you very much, Cikgu Anna. Really enjoyed your session

Sharing some of the makeup tips learnt from the instructor,
- Don't be lazy, must clean/ wash each makeup brushes & tools used after makeup done. This is important to ensure long live usage then
- Don't ever soak your brushes while cleaning them, brushes will be spoilt
- Use of fingers for makeup application as fingers with body heat, so warm to apply shimmer on eyes & stay beautifully from 1st apply
- Use a harder brush to apply concealer when it aims for makeup correction
- When foundation too bright, do use a darken tone loose powder to balance the skin tone, vice versa
- Do apply baby oil on fake lashes 1st, it will get soften & easier to remove the lashes. Also stop the sticky from lashes glue with baby oil application. She has tried it, it works wonder. If your lashes remain pretty after being removed, do keep it for 2nd use

Ohh ya...She has gained an impressive moment before the workshop. She loves the personal reminder sent from the organizer, MPH Publishing to her WhatsApp few days before this workshop with notes for her pre-preparation before attendance as listed below,
• All makeup products & tools, including eyelashes will be provided
• To ensure face is bare, cleansed, toned & moisturized before the workshop begins. This is to avoid waste of time of removing makeup during the workshop.
• To also bring own daily make-up items so that instructor can share some advices
• To bring own hairbands/ hairpins to hold own hair for the makeup practice in the workshop
• To bring your own makeup removal, facial cleanser & towel if wish to remove makeup after

More updates ???? via her tweets main thread via ? https://twitter.com/siennylovesdraw/status/1035690689588125696?s=21

Ohh ya…Do refer https://www.facebook.com/MPHGroupPublishing/ for all future MPH publishing’s hosted events, you may attend some with SiennyLovesDrawing too

Hmm...This was her 2nd time attended, do enjoy reading her blogging of 1st workshop experience via ? https://siennylovesdrawing.wordpress.com/2018/08/23/comics-art-workshop/

Let’s continue learning new skills or knowledge ya

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