⛔ LUYỆN READING NÀO ⛔
THE IMPORTANCE OF CHILDREN'S PLAY
Brick by brick, six-year-old Alice is building a magical kingdom. Imagining fairy-tale turrets and fire-breathing dragons, wicked witches and gallant heroes, she's creating an enchanting world. Although she isn't aware of it, this fantasy is helping her take her first steps towards her capacity for creativity and so it will have important repercussions in her adult life.
Minutes later, Alice has abandoned the kingdom in favour of playing schools with her younger brother. When she bosses him around as his 'teacher', she's practising how to regulate her emotions through pretence. Later on, when they tire of this and settle down with a board game, she's learning about the need to follow rules and take turns with a partner.
'Play in all its rich variety is one of the highest achievements of the human species,' says Dr David Whitebread from the Faculty of Education at the University of Cambridge, UK. 'It underpins how we develop as intellectual, problem-solving adults and is crucial to our success as a highly adaptable species.'
Recognising the importance of play is not new: over two millennia ago, the Greek philosopher Plato extolled its virtues as a means of developing skills for adult life, and ideas about play-based learning have been developing since the 19th century.
But we live in changing times, and Whitebread is mindful of a worldwide decline in play, pointing out that over half the people in the world now live in cities. 'The opportunities for free play, which I experienced almost every day of my childhood, are becoming increasingly scarce,' he says. Outdoor play is curtailed by perceptions of risk to do with traffic, as well as parents' increased wish to protect their children from being the victims of crime, and by the emphasis on 'earlier is better' which is leading to greater competition in academic learning and schools.
International bodies like the United Nations and the European Union have begun to develop policies concerned with children's right to play, and to consider implications for leisure facilities and educational programmes. But what they often lack is the evidence to base policies on.
'The type of play we are interested in is child-initiated, spontaneous and unpredictable- but, as soon as you ask a five-year-old "to play", then you as the researcher have intervened,' explains Dr Sara Baker. 'And we want to know what the long-term impact of play is. It's a real challenge.'
Dr Jenny Gibson agrees, pointing out that although some of the steps in the puzzle of how and why play is important have been looked at, there is very little data on the impact it has on the child's later life.
Now, thanks to the university's new Centre for Research on Play in Education, Development and Learning (PEDAL), Whitebread, Baker, Gibson and a team of researchers hope to provide evidence on the role played by play in how a child develops.
'A strong possibility is that play supports the early development of children's self-control,' explains Baker. 'This is our ability to develop awareness of our own thinking processes - it influences how effectively we go about undertaking challenging activities.'
In a study carried out by Baker with toddlers and young pre-schoolers, she found that children with greater self-control solved problems more quickly when exploring an unfamiliar set-up requiring scientific reasoning. 'This sort of evidence makes us think that giving children the chance to play will make them more successful problem-solvers in the long run.'
If playful experiences do facilitate this aspect of development, say the researchers, it could be extremely significant for educational practices, because the ability to self-regulate has been shown to be a key predictor of academic performance.
Gibson adds: 'Playful behaviour is also an important indicator of healthy social and emotional development. In my previous research, I investigated how observing children at play can�give us important clues about their well-being and can even be useful in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders like autism.'
Whitebread's recent research has involved developing a play-based approach to supporting children's writing. 'Many primary school children find writing difficult, but we showed in a previous study that a playful stimulus was far more effective than an instructional one.' Children wrote longer and better-structured stories when they first played with dolls representing characters in the story. In the latest study, children first created their story with Lego*, with similar results. 'Many teachers commented that they had always previously had children saying they didn't know what to write about. With the Lego building, however, not a single child said this through the whole year of the project.'
Whitebread, who directs PEDAL, trained as a primary school teacher in the early 1970s, when, as he describes, 'the teaching of young children was largely a quiet backwater, untroubled by any serious intellectual debate or controversy.' Now, the landscape is very different, with hotly debated topics such as school starting age.
'Somehow the importance of play has been lost in recent decades. It's regarded as something trivial, or even as something negative that contrasts with "work". Let's not lose sight of its benefits, and the fundamental contributions it makes to human achievements in the arts, sciences and technology. Let's make sure children have a rich diet of play experiences.'
⛔ CÂU HỎI:
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
1. Children with good self-control are known to be likely to do well at school later on.
2. The way a child plays may provide information about possible medical problems.
3. Playing with dolls was found to benefit girls’ writing more than boys’ writing.
4. Children had problems thinking up ideas when they first created the story with Lego.
5. People nowadays regard children’s play as less significant than they did in the past.
(Trích Cam 14)
⛔ HIGHLIGHT TỪ VỰNG
Possibility (n): Khả năng
Self-control (n): Tự kiểm soát
Toddler (n): Trẻ mới biết đi
Pre-schooler (n): Trẻ nhỏ tuổi
Unfamiliar (adj): Không quen thuộc
Facilitate (v): Tạo điều kiện cho
Diagnosis (n): Chẩn đoán
Autism (n): Tự kỷ
Approach (n): Phương pháp
Stimulus (n): Sự kích thích
Serious (adj): Nghiêm túc
Debate (v): Tranh luận
Trivial (adj): Tầm thường
Fundamental (adj): Cơ bản
Contribution (n): Sự đóng góp
Các bạn làm đề nhé, cô chia sẻ đáp án dưới cmt nha!
同時也有2部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過109萬的網紅Bearry Channel,也在其Youtube影片中提到,#BearryChannel #BearryGaming #BearryEntertainment คลิปรีวิวข้อมูล The Hag ผู้รอดชีวิต ACE และแผนที่ใหม่ Backwater Swamp ของเกม Dead by Daylight มาแล้...
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[LIVE stream info!]
Slither.io gonna try to aim for first place!
The backwater team preparing their own punishment game to become absolutely first place!
【LIVE配信予告!】
Slither. ioっていうゲームで1位を目指します!
絶対に1位になるために自ら罰ゲームを用意する背水の陣!
#KizunaAI #Kizuna_LIVE #YouTube
🔽🔽9/13 20:00〜スタート!🔽🔽
youtu.be/BLvJLZle-Qg
backwater game 在 兔子阿比 Facebook 的最讚貼文
不是要帶風向或引戰
P.S.我也很常莫名其妙的收到"影片不適合大多數廣告群眾"
但這篇真的很值得我們省思
Below is an explanation of the racism in Taiwan Youtube. Screenshots included. You are welcome. I quit.
這些是台灣2017年12月的YouTube 十萬年終歡樂會公開影片的截圖。
這位打扮成納粹黨的放火先生可能沒注意到前年台灣某高中學生在校慶扮納粹黨上國際新聞的事。
還有,不管用什麼素材把臉塗黑、假裝自己是黑人,就算你是覺得很酷,這種行為還是歧視。
這我真的懶得解釋,請各位去查Minstrel show的歷史...
身為一個有黑人繼母的我看了已經覺得非常痛苦,也不願意看見這種行為在台灣被年輕人當成Ok、酷...的氣氛。
我覺得我不應該裝沒看到、不說實話,讓這個世代的部分年輕人與這個世界完全脫節。
打扮成納粹黨或是將自己的膚色塗黑假裝自己是黑人這兩件事,在世界各地都不可能會被接受,
假如有人真做了,是會有大批聲浪去譴責、撻伐甚至抗議的。
但在台灣卻好像沒事一樣;好像台灣的YouTube公司跟美國Google、YouTube互相沒有關連、像個平行宇宙似的。
這名扮成納粹、大開黑人笑話、擁有一百零六萬追蹤的YouTuber放火先生甚至被台灣YouTube系統支持著、推薦影片。
.
.
台灣的YouTube簡直活在平行宇宙。
賴博士之前做了一個影片討論當一個在台灣的外國人一提到種族歧視,就會發現頻道馬上不被推出。
最後賴博士因為這樣,把他討論YouTube的影片拿掉。但也沒改善。
.
我一上傳任何毫無版權及暴力、性或不適當等內容的影片,甚至還沒點選"公開",
竟然已經通知我「此影片不是友善廣告客戶」,且需要手動申請審查來做抗辯。
打扮成屠殺至少600萬猶太人的納粹黨領袖希特勒的YouTube頻道可以算「友善廣告客戶」?
這位放火先生年紀很輕,我實在無法去討厭他,但我只能說....我不知道他到底是受到什麼樣的教育?
.
.
我認識的幾位外國人因為這些原因已經放棄台灣的YouTube、不繼續做影片了。
我自己上傳到FB的影片的"讚"數,竟然幾乎每次都比YouTube同一個影片的"觀看次數"還多。
FB的影片還可以破一百萬觀看、有三萬五千多個"讚"...
自從頻道很明顯被限制,我的YouTube頻道可以說是一攤死水,根本無法盈利。
.
說到這邊,我知道有人會提到點閱率很高的不要鬧工作室 Stopkiddinstudio,
請各位明白一件事,不要鬧工作室的導演與剪輯後製都是同一個台灣人。
不要鬧工作室的影片中會出現非常多的外國人,但不管這些外國人他們在討倫什麼或是過程中說了什麼,
依然是通過一名"台灣人"的視角去決定與後製,最後呈現的。
.
.
各位獨立製作、分享意見與影片的外國人們,我支持你們。
希望能有更多各國家的人們可以自己獨立發聲,真正自己的聲音。不管是在FB、YouTube或是IG等社群平台。
我也不做這個台灣YouTube頻道了。
希望之後會有很多不同國家的人有自己的平台,你們可以給台灣帶來更多ㄧ點國際觀。
畢竟有些放火先生那一代的青年學子們,好像不在乎過去歷史或是即將要面對的未來與世界,跟台灣以外的世界脫節了...
-------------------------------------
These are screenshots from the recent youtube party in which the first prize was given to a Youtuber wearing a Nazi uniform. The Youtuber also made a video to find out if he could make his teeth as white as black people’s in which he used chocolate sauce that he spread on his face for effect. (screenshots of view counts included)
There are countless other examples in Taiwan Youtube land, which seems to think it exists in an alternate universe.
My own personal channel has been blacklisted and none of my videos are ever advertiser friendly. They all must be checked manually. This is what happens if you speak out about racism in Taiwan.
YouTube in Taiwan does not only support symbols of oppression it promotes them, while at the same time it suppresses anyone who speaks out against racism.
Dressing up as Hitler, isn’t ever funny unless you are a 19 year old boy whose education has failed him. #放火
Youtube in Taiwan is carrying on as if the rest of the world can not see it. If you did not know, now you do. My videos almost always get more likes than views on Facebook. I have broken 1.3m views and over 34k of likes on facebook. Most of my videos get more likes on Facebook than views on YouTube. I quit Taiwan Youtube.
The game is fixed and the dice do not roll in favour of a foreigner expressing his or her thoughts independently. I am not the only one this has happened to.
Taiwan Youtube is a backwater in an alternate universe. IS THERE ANYONE WATCHING THIS OUTSIDE TAIWAN!?!?!
You don't need to understand Chinese to get it...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VmjSgN7Mvc
More blackface (with more total views than the population of Taiwan) not joking.. it's real!!!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kkc797WQfs0
backwater game 在 Bearry Channel Youtube 的精選貼文
#BearryChannel #BearryGaming #BearryEntertainment
คลิปรีวิวข้อมูล The Hag ผู้รอดชีวิต ACE และแผนที่ใหม่ Backwater Swamp ของเกม Dead by Daylight มาแล้วค่า และขอแจ้งข่าวว่า วันที่ 11 – 17 ธันวาคมนี้แบร์รี่กับคุมะและพี่หมีจะไม่อยู่นะคะ ต้องเดินทางไปงานรับปริญญาคุมะที่ขอนแก่นค่ะ สามารถติดตามข่าวสารความเคลื่อนไหวของเราได้ที่ Facebook Fanpage Bearry Channel นะคะ ^^ Facebook Page : https://goo.gl/MZ3rsb
ดูแบรี่และเหล่าหมีเล่นเกม Dead by Daylight ได้ที่ลิงค์นี้เลยค่า https://goo.gl/TG7Ojd
ดูคลิปเจาะลึกฆาตกรและผู้รอดชีวิตคนอื่นๆได้ที่นี่ค่ะ : https://goo.gl/eTGFsT
ดูคลิปเจาะลึกข้อมูลของ The Nurse : https://goo.gl/tYgy5p
ดูคลิปเจาะลึกของผู้รอดชีวิตคนใหม่ Nea : https://goo.gl/0hVFCn
ดูคลิปเจาะลึก Michael Myers และผู้รอดชีวิต Laurie Strode : https://goo.gl/PJyt4z
ดูคลิปเจาะลึกข้อมูล The Hag และผู้รอดชีวิต ACE : https://goo.gl/LUh87z
ดูคลิปเจาะลึกของผู้รอดชีวิตคนใหม่ William Bill Overbeck : https://goo.gl/wg4ghs
ดูคลิปเจาะลึกข้อมูล The Doctor และผู้รอดชีวิต Feng Min : https://goo.gl/yuXcRo
ดูคลิปเจาะลึกข้อมูล The Huntress และผู้รอดชีวิต David King : https://goo.gl/H74xfT
ดูคลิปเจาะลึกข้อมูล The Pig และผู้รอดชีวิต David Tapp : https://goo.gl/95FBb5
ดูคลิปเจาะลึกข้อมูล The Clown และผู้รอดชีวิต Kate Denson : https://goo.gl/saqQaN
ดูคลิปเจาะลึกข้อมูล The Spirit และผู้รอดชีวิต Adam Francis : https://bit.ly/2kwrfqq
ดนตรีประกอบ BGM: Kevin MacLeod – Ice Demon, Anguish, Hitman
ดนตรีปิดคลิป Outro Music: Alan Walker - Fade [NCS Release]
ติดตามคลิปสนุกอีกมากมายที่ Bearry Family : https://goo.gl/qW5Tcn
ติดตามข่าวสารของเราได้ที่ Facebook Page : https://goo.gl/MZ3rsb
ติดตามคลิปน่าสนใจอื่นๆได้ที่ Bearry Channel https://goo.gl/HysOmh
![post-title](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/gfRmcYinwb0/hqdefault.jpg)
backwater game 在 電撃オンライン Youtube 的最讚貼文
チャンネル登録はこちら→http://urx.nu/dK3E
ウメハラ伝説”背水の逆転劇”に『ストIII3rd』素人同然のふ~どが挑戦した結果は!? この動画は2014年12月27日に実施した“ふ~ど&ゴローのゲーム人間学園”第5夜 ”からピックアップしたもののです。
Umehara legend "stringent III3rd" to "reverse play of backwater" results of amateur no better than Fu ~ etc. was challenge!? This video "game human Gakuen, not ~ etc. & Goro" was carried out in December 27, 2014 the first five nights it is but picked up from ".
http://live.nicovideo.jp/watch/lv204298642
ヌキが目隠しで“背水の逆転劇”
http://youtu.be/214aUje75zs
電撃オンラインでの記事はコチラ
http://dengekionline.com/elem/000/000/984/984512/
電撃オンラインch(ニコニコ動画)
http://ch.nicovideo.jp/dengeki
![post-title](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/AwG7pJatYb0/hqdefault.jpg)
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