關於 many a lot of用法 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

#這學期真的超級充實⁣
⁣
很喜歡我們的老師⁣
真的教的超好👍⁣
班上上課的氣氛也很好⁣
大家的態度都很積極的學習⁣
也會互相糾正一起進步💕⁣
⁣
除了聽力考試、發音考試、口說考試⁣
有兩個報告⁣
一個專案我選擇了介紹如何在澳洲買房⁣
因為覺得很實用⁣
有天班上的同學也可以會需要這方面的資訊⁣
另一個報告⁣
老師提供很多主題讓我們選擇⁣
像是老師的薪水該跟醫生一樣嗎？⁣
孩子課後需要去打工嗎？⁣
而我選擇的是我們該成為素食者嗎？⁣
看到這個主題的時候
我就馬上就想選擇這個題目⁣
報告的過程中需要使用說服語句、加強語氣、一些特定用法⋯（老師依此來評分）⁣
當然是講英文報告啦！⁣
報告完成後真的覺得學到很多東西也更進步了⁣
語言這個東西
真的就是要使用在生活中才會變成你的⁣
⁣
星期一就要開學了！⁣
怎麼覺得我的School holiday 好不夠啊！🤣⁣
⁣
—————————————⁣
#This semester is really super fulfilling！⁣
⁣
Like our teacher very much⁣
Really teaches super well👍The atmosphere in the class is also very good.⁣
Everyone is very active in learning English.⁣
We corrected each other and make us become better together💕⁣
⁣
Besides listening test, speaking test and pronunciation test⁣
There are two reports:⁣
For the project I chose to introduce how to buy a house in Australia⁣
Because I think it's very practical and someday my classmates may also need this information⁣
Another report⁣
The teacher provides many topics for us to choose⁣
Should the salary of a teacher be the same as a doctor?⁣
Do children need to work part-time after class?⁣
And what I choose is should we become vegetarians?⁣
When I saw this theme, I immediately wanted to choose this one.⁣
In the process of reporting, you need to use persuasive sentences, strengthen the tone, and some specific ways like linking words ... (the teacher will score according to this)⁣
Of course the report is in English!⁣
After the report, I really feel that I have learned a lot and improved.⁣
Language really needs to be used in daily life.⁣
⁣
School will start this coming Monday.
Why do I think my school holidays are not good enough! 🤣⁣
⁣
#澳洲生活

#相似詞語辨析2

a great deal, a great many

這一對短語都表示“許多”、“大量”之意,涵義並無區別,主要是用法不同。

A great deal 常與不可數名詞連用;a great many則與可數名詞的複數形式連用,它們的區別與 much 和 many 的區別相同。

A great deal 的後面接名詞時要加 of; a great many則不用of。a great deal(或many)和 a good deal(或many)通用, 但前者的語氣比後者重。在口語裏,常用a deal 代替 a great (of good) deal。

As the new year is approaching, we have a great deal of preparation work to do.
隨着新年即將來到,我們有大量的預備工作要做。
The High Island Reservoir can store a great deal of water.
萬宜水庫能蓄藏大量的水。
There are a great many trees and flowers in the botanical garden.
植物公園裏有許多樹木和花草。
He has contributed a great many articles on education to the South China Morning Post.
他為《南華早報》撰寫了許多有關教育方面的文章。

順便講一句,a lot of 也表示“許多”、“大量”的意思,但它比較口語化,其後既可接可數名詞,又可接不可數名詞。例如: a lot of books (letters, flies): a lot of time (money, work) 。

另一點值得注意的是, plenty 與 a lot, a great deal, a large amount 的涵義有所不同。plenty 突出表示“足夠”之意,但它所指的東西並不一定很多。例如,某人準備坐火車去深圳,他看了看錶,說道:“We've plenty of time”。他的意思是“現在到九龍火車站還有足夠的時間,不必着急”,這裏所指的“足夠”時間可能是一刻鐘,而不是一兩個小時。又如,有個遠方客人來探望你,你想留他吃頓便飯,但不知道是否有菜,你把食櫥打開一看,說道:“Oh, we've plenty of food”。這裏的plenty也是表示“足夠”之意,菜不一定很多,可能只有一兩碟菜,但已足夠招待客人吃頓便飯了。

最後尚需補充一句,a great deal還可用作狀語。例:Our patient is a great deal better today.
我們的病人今天好多了。

#高雄人 #學習英文 請找 #多益達人林立英文
#高中英文 #成人英文
#多益家教班 #商用英文
#國立大學外國語文學系講師

「收賄」、「白手套」英文怎麼說？
　
Accept bribes? White gloves?
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
《中華民國刑法》
　
Article 122

A public official or an arbitrator who demands, agrees to accept, or accepts a bribe or other improper benefits for a breach of his official duties shall be sentenced to imprisonment for not less than three years but not more than ten years; in addition thereto, a fine of not more than two million yuan may be imposed.

A breach of official duties shall be sentenced to life imprisonment or with imprisonment for not less than five years; in addition thereto, a fine not more than four million yuan may be imposed.
　
1. public official 公務員
2. arbitrator 仲裁人
3. accept a bribe 收受賄賂*
4. a breach of official duties 違背職務**
5. be sentenced 判處
6. imprisonment 監禁；關押
7. a fine 罰金
8. impose 強制實行
　
第 122 條

公務員或仲裁人對於違背職務之行為，要求、期約或收受賄賂或其他不正利益者，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，得併科二百萬元以下罰金。

因而為違背職務之行為者，處無期徒刑或五年以上有期徒刑，得併科四百萬元以下罰金。

全國法規資料庫: https://bit.ly/2Dk8Ia4

*bribery: https://bit.ly/31bwsFj
**breach: https://bit.ly/3k5qcHJ
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
那「白手套」呢？

White gloves? Not really...
　
The term "white-glove" is typically used as an adjective. It means providing a very high level of service, or involving a lot of care about small details:

白手套(white-glove)通常用作形容詞。表示提供非常高的服務水準，或與諸多照護細節有關：

➣The cruise company does not want to risk alienating the other passengers who don't get the white-glove treatment.

郵輪公司不想冒險讓其他未接受白手套待遇的乘客變得疏遠。

➣We know that when extra attention is required, our white-glove delivery service will not disappoint.
　
當您有特殊要求，我們的白手套配送服務一定不會讓您失望。

—Cambridge Dictionary

https://bit.ly/3hZTw0r
　
Wait…that doesn't fit our context!

★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
According to the South China Morning Post, the expression “white gloves,” when used as a noun, was coined in Taiwan!

“The innocuous-sounding euphemism ‘white gloves’ generally refers to a middleman or outfit that launders dirty or corrupt money under a seemingly legitimate front - dirty hands concealed by a pair of white gloves. The expression, coined by the Taiwanese, is catching up fast on the mainland as rampant corruption is exposed at all levels of the bureaucracy.”
　
9. coin (v.) 創造（新詞或新的表達方式）；首次使用（某一詞語）
10. innocuous-sounding 聽起來無害的
11. launder (v.) 洗（贓款） ; money laundering 洗錢
12. legitimate front 合法的地帶; 僞裝（人或機構的）僞裝；假裝的樣子
13. conceal 隱藏
14. catch up 了解（或討論）最新情況
15. rampant 猖獗的；蔓延的
16. bureaucracy 官僚體制；官僚主義
　
據《南華早報》的報導，「白手套」作為名詞的用法，首見於臺灣!

「聽起來無害的委婉用語『白手套』通常是指中間人或公司，他們在看似合法的地帶清洗髒錢或賄款——髒手則藏於白手套當中。這種由臺灣人首創的表達方式，正在中國迅速傳開，因為猖獗的腐敗現象已於官僚體制的各個層面暴露出來。」

詳見《SCMP》：https://bit.ly/3i2cqUA
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
我個人會用「middleman」或「go-between」。

請注意，「middleman」是指批貨後轉售他人者，或協助他人安排商業交易者。該詞本身並不具有任何犯罪或不法行為等負面意涵（negative connotations），亦須有上下文才足以呈現「白手套」的概念。
　
另一方面，「go-between」是在雙方無法見面或不想見面時，將消息從一人（或一個團隊）傳給另一人（或另一個團隊）的人。例如，聯合國代表將充當兩國領導人的中間人（或掮客）——「go-between」，而它的搭配你可以用「act/serve as a go-between」。「go-between」 的一個同義詞是「intermediary」。

❖再次提醒各位，若缺乏前後文，這些用語就不能完全代表「白手套」的涵義。底下我將舉出一些在腐敗情況中所使用的例子。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
I. middleman
　
"Many of these middlemen stay on the right side of the law, offering advice and connections. But others cross the line. They grease the palms of officials and local managers, and they put a buffer between the payoff and the client, offering plausible deniability if the authorities catch on."
　
17. connections 社會關係；人際關係；可資利用的熟人
18. cross the line（行為）越過界線
19. grease (v.) 用油脂塗；給⋯⋯加潤滑油
20. buffer 緩衝物；起緩衝作用的人
21. payoff 賄款；遮口費
22. plausible deniability 合理推諉
　
「在這些中間人裡，有許多人站在法律這邊，提供建議與人脈。但其他人卻踰越了界線。他們成為官員與地方經理人的潤滑劑，並在賄款與委託人之間置入緩衝物，起到合理推諉的作用，以防當局上門。」
　
詳見《紐約時報》：https://nyti.ms/39MMwkM

★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
II. intermediary
　
"For China’s elite, a 'white glove' is an intermediary who launders your money; they handle the dirty deeds, while you keep your hands clean. 'White gloves' are often well-connected Westerners, such as former top politician Bo Xilai’s two European fixers, British businessman Neil Heywood and French architect Patrick Devillers. Using a BVI shell company, the two men helped Bo’s wife Gu Kalai buy a 7 million euro French mansion and rack up rental fees on it."

23. elite（社會）上層集團；掌權人物；出類拔萃的人；精英
24. deed（尤指很壞或很好的）事情；行為
25. well-connected 與顯貴人物有交情的；與有影響人士有來往的；很有背景的
26. fixer 籌謀者；安排者（尤指精於用不正當手段來操辦事情的人）
27. BVI (The British Virgin Islands) 英屬維京群島
28. shell company 空殼公司
29. fixer 安排者（尤指精於用不正當手段來操辦事情的人）
　
『對中國的權貴來說，「白手套」是幫你洗錢的中間人；他們負責處理骯髒的事，讓你的雙手保持乾淨。「白手套」通常是與權貴有交情的西方人士，例如前副國級領導人薄熙來的兩個歐洲籌謀者——英國商人海伍德以及法國建築師德維利耶。兩人藉由一家英屬維京群島的空殼公司，幫助薄的妻子谷開來買下一座價值７００萬歐元的法式豪宅，並大大提高了租金。』
　
詳見《石英財經網》：https://bit.ly/30lFnEJ
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
III. go-between
　
"The offence is similar to bribery with one important difference: trading in influence concerns the 'middleman', or the person that serves as the go-between the decision-maker and the party that seeks an improper advantage."
　
30. offence (US offense) 犯罪行為；罪行
31. bribery 賄賂
32. trade in influence 斡旋賄賂；影響力交易
33. serve（為⋯⋯）工作；（為⋯⋯）服務；盡職責
34. improper advantage 不當利益
　
『此一罪行與賄賂相似，但有一個重要的區別：斡旋賄賂係指「middleman」或人充當決策者與尋求不當利益方的中間人（掮客）——「go-between」』。
　
詳見 Anti-Corruption Resource Center：https://www.u4.no/terms
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
歡迎在底下留言與我們分享更多相關字詞（例如：prosecutor、corruption charges、litigations⋯⋯）。

圖片出處: Google Image

★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
如果同學對於如何分析英文時事，以及如何進行批判性思考有興趣，歡迎加入我們的課程！

🌎國際新聞英文－六步驟思考術 | 最後優惠倒數 ► https://bit.ly/3eTHIvH

🌎國際新聞英文課程ＦＡＱ：https://wp.me/p44l9b-2lK