[文法與詞彙Q&A] because, because of, due to, since, for 的區別
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同學在學習時, 常會把相同意思、用法的字放在一起學習。同時也相當依賴線上英漢字典的便利性。儘管這樣的學習很方便，但常造成單字正確意思的混淆。這樣子的做法短期內雖然可以幫助同學培養對這一連串字的模糊概念，可是會失去單字本身一些比較精確的定義和內含意義。而且這些中譯都相同的詞彙中文為母語的考生在使用上，稍微一不注意，就容易錯誤使用。
建議同學學習新的單字時，必須釐清每一個字的用法，用多種字典和文章去理解質單字的詞性、 搭配詞、和單字的字面上的意義 (denotation)及象徵性的意義 (connotation)。學習新單字的進階步驟，我建議可以透過閱讀相關議題的學術文章。從上下文的邏輯加深對單字和詞彙的認知，並把認知字彙變成應用詞彙。同時, 切記要大量反覆使用，這樣不管是在托福 (TOEFL) 雅思 (IELTS) 或SAT寫作時,避免這些錯誤影響你文章的的連貫（coherence and cohesion）、清晰（clarity）、流暢（fluency）!
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回歸主題: because、 because of、due to、 since、 for 的區別
從句子結構方面：
-because + 從屬子句
-because of + 名詞或名詞片語
-since + 從屬子句
-due to + 名詞或名詞片語
-for 通常是當介系詞，當對等連接詞時可接子句
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從幾個詞本身的意義方面：
1. because 是導致某結果的直接原因，一般是有這樣的因才有那樣的果。We didn't enjoy the day because the weather was so awful.
2. for 通常是先果後因，一般前面是猜測，後面for提供依據。for 引導的子句一般不放在句子的開頭。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is still wet.
We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families.
3. due to 向來是形容詞，作介詞不是傳統用法，而作容詞的due to只可用在be (或is、was等be的變體)之後，例如﹕
His failure was due to his laziness.
"Due to his laziness (adjectival phrase)" is modifying "his failure."
4. because of 是複合介詞，其後接名詞、代詞、動名詞、what 從句等。*
I feel cold now because of the freezing AC.
"because of the freezing AC (adverbial prepositional phrase)" is modifying/explaining "I feel cold now."
*due to + 名詞 = because of + 名詞
In modern English, due to n. = because of n.; however, some grammar nazis may hunt you down and lecture you for hours if you commit this "mistake."
Source: http://words.journalism.ku.edu/because.html
5. since 多為陳述性的事實，相當於“既然”：
Since you are busy, I will go without you.
Since the earth is round, why don't we fall off it?
*http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv27.shtml
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學習單字的方式 (Vocabulary Words): http://goo.gl/dESCms
because of, owing to, on account of, thanks to 的區別
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Sources:
http://bulo.hujiang.com/question/99037/
http://grammar.quickanddirtytips.com/because-due-to-since-as.aspx
http://lsdnes.pixnet.net/blog/post/33025574-because,because-of,since,due-to,for之間的區別
http://www.indiastudychannel.com/experts/16771-what-difference-between-because-due.aspx
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/due
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/because+of#because
Image source: http://tourdash.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Start_With_Why.jpg
prepositional phrase中文 在 英文基礎文法25 - 介系詞片語當形容詞(Basic English Grammar 的推薦與評價
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