「地獄空」攝影集即將在八月中元節前出版,由知名設計師與攝影家黃子欽設計,內附在下二位高徒精美繪製符咒、心經版畫書籤、愣嚴咒牌、尊勝咒語...等,感恩十方大德助印,希望疫情退散,平安喜樂,後記如下:
野放台灣五十餘年,貪狼獨坐,三方四正殺破狼格局,少年多舛,白手起家,隨展覽雲遊四海,如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返,遂設幻影堂自詡堂主,一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」,常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純,彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘,了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝,雖非仙人,亦無道骨,初聞離垢地生清淨心,但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠,待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》,心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到,意識死神隨伺在側,人生苦短,如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解,蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜,聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃,甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎,禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘,台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜(佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教&大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教&天德教、慈惠堂&勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……)、神棍橫行(依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫),因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜,但地獄造景稀少,後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人,各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味,意境乖張溢於言表,造型扭曲非常人所能塑也,然匠心獨運、自成一格,專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美,絲毫不輸喬托(Giotto di Bondone,1267~1337)乃至米開朗基羅(Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564)矣。
創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱,雖主祀四面佛,儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊,可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像,安太歲自不在話下,甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深,1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍,行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關,只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地,十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台,粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格,尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂,該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯(包青天),陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解,求破懸案者眾,逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸,全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中,四周環繞墓地,適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮(1971)地府則是首座電動地府,規模精小但驚嚇度破表,略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍,出自已故台南大道長金登富之作,而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外,乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面,尊尊栩栩如生,續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道,造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」(阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像)旁設靜態十殿閻羅(1970年代初),雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存,續往上行可抵「證菩提道-釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區,一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時,琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心,世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路,但因緣果報無法逆轉,昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加,還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺,遂以缽盛救度五百族人,最終卻化為血水,佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力,因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐,目犍連遂展神通救渡,但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火,佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日,於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾,因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌,既渡亡魂也自懺悔。
台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗,不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂(1979年興建,1983年開放),燈光絢爛、聲響駭人,獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」,至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形,睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪,觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生(胎、卵、濕、化)回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」,轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」,窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」,直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿,皆為極犯,另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」(查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司)後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事,依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺(紫河車)」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載,人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」,經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫,犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄(阿鼻地獄)」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主,統轄十殿閻羅,逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。
人類居於五趣(阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄)雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界,犯十惡業(殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴)者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」(欲界、色界、無色界)二十八天?凡人無此意識,別說能破「十二因緣」(無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死)還滅門,更別想斷除「四聖諦」(苦、集、滅、道)集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑(五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑),了悟「五蘊」(色、受、想、行、識)本空、「十二入」(眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法)空、「十八界」空,破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執,生十一處「善心所」(信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害),降二十六處「惡心所」(貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知),須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。
地獄可能空滅嗎?若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪,地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土?若能證空性何處現地獄?
地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間,老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心,然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所,惡性所及實無可根除,礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層,乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷,暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄,心多妄念,妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間,會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉,我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄,三魂七魄尚不足以出竅,驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧,豈不謬哉?
病毒肆虐年半有餘,全球確診者逼近一億八千萬,枉死者近四百萬,堪比戰爭規模,望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空,唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。
姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節
Postscript
I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.
In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).
Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.
Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.
Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.
The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.
June 2021,
Yao Jui-chung
同時也有5部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過9萬的網紅Smart Travel,也在其Youtube影片中提到,#lawsonstore100 #lawson便利店 #便利商店 #日本必買 #日本Lawson必買 #lawson store100 #日本百元商店 剛剛由東京的淺草回來 淺草原來有很多酒店和旅館, 有平價到貴都有 最重要是旺中帶靜, 而且淺草原來有很多超市的 今日為大家介紹, 是...
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ten meaning 在 AppWorks Facebook 的精選貼文
#NFTsummer A few weeks ago, we interviewed Xixi Huang (AW#17) in Mandarin and as the AppWorks Fellow who helps us out on the blockchain side, Xixi has a lot of ideas that are worth sharing to a bigger audience. Here's his interview in English:
西西 (Xixi) 黃士晉 is an AppWorks #17 alumni and co-founder of Rydeit. His mission is to bring the applications of blockchain to everyday life because he believes that blockchain can make the world a more fair and better place. As an AppWorks Fellow, he is responsible for guiding founders to think about blockchain and providing insights on blockchain-related investment deals. Before AppWorks, he led his previous team to build more than 10 dapps, including famous games in Taiwan such as 柚子打魚 and Shrimp.Finance. Within a month of launching these games, they had amassed over NT$ 100M (~US$ 3.5M) in transactions. His favorite pastime is traveling with his grandma, and his ultimate goal is to persuade her to buy Bitcoin!
Check out what Xixi has to say about blockchain and NFTs.
#NFTevolution
I started to learn how to write smart contracts in 2016, and learned the entire logic of ERC-20 for tokens and ERC-721 for NFTs. While I was learning about NFTs, I realized that the combination of NFTs with video games was very fitting. In video games, the treasure and equipment you collect becomes virtual assets as NFTs. And the process of using smart contracts to exchange items was very efficient on the blockchain.
At the end of 2018, I designed and created a zombie video game, integrating the concept of playing and drawing cards and packs. Within a pack were 3 NFTs with zombies on them. As a player, the more cards with zombies you collect, the higher your score, and the more tokens you can ultimately earn. From this game, I got connected to other game manufacturers and publishers who were also interested in creating virtual game assets through NFTs. We all had the same idea -- NFTs can bring more meaning and value to the players.
However at the time, many people in the market still believed that tokens and games were riddled with fraud. Since the lifecycle of video games can be short, many traditional gaming companies in the end didn’t find it worthwhile to learn how to integrate NFTs or blockchain into their games.
While the nature of NFTs hasn’t changed, the market has evolved. People’s curiosities are growing, more applications are being developed, and more creators are cropping up. I think now is the right time to start talking to companies about how to integrate NFTs or blockchain into their businesses or games.
#NFTplayground
I think there are many opportunities to start a business these days, and people who want to start one should think about coming to blockchain. Not only is there a huge opportunity but the possibilities are endless. And within blockchain, NFTs currently offer the biggest opportunity. However, it can also pose a new challenge to the team’s endurance, because while easy to obtain traction and users with NFTs, the challenge lies in retaining them.
Similar to other blockchain applications in the past few years, when a new concept is invented, it’ll be flushed with many early users. However, because the surrounding infrastructure wasn’t in place, it was difficult for founders to make valuable extensions or applications. And many of these users don’t actually care about these blockchain products and they are only trying to leverage the ecosystem to make a quick buck. Once they earn all that they can, they will move on to another project.
Right now working on NFTs, you can collect a lot of data in a short amount of time and also make some income to keep you afloat. Founders should seize this opportunity to understand these users, then modify and optimize both their products and mentality to retain them.
Since there’s no geographical restriction on blockchain, I would encourage founders to look beyond your country and region in expanding your NFT products. Also, since blockchain is closely related to finance, if you don’t have a good pricing strategy (or token economics) for your NFT products, the prices might fluctuate greatly. You need to be prepared and remind your users of the risks, otherwise you’ll ultimately get scolded!!
#NFTera
This year, I finally consider myself an official NFT collector. I pay special attention to NFTs with contemporary significance, such as Hashmasks. It signals to the public that NFTs are not just for collecting but that game mechanics can also be applied to interact with users. If we look back ten years from now I’m confident to say that the project that really brought the NFT wave in 2021 would be Hashmasks.
In addition to veteran projects like Hashmasks, other collections I care a lot about are related to Metaverse, such as The Sandbox. I believe that the world will become more and more decentralized and virtual. It is very likely that the next generation will be immersed in a virtual world like Ready Player One, so I am also very optimistic about NFTs in digital worlds like The Sandbox.
The possibilities are endless when it comes to NFTs. Right now, few NFTs are connected with our daily lives. For example, I bought a Hashmask. If I want to show it in my apartment, I might still need to print it out. In the future, how will we connect NFTs to the physical world? I believe they can be applied in many ways, including frames, wallets, cars, house deeds, leases, etc. These products in daily life can be combined with NFTs. We just haven’t opened our imagination yet. It’s hard to imagine that only 20 years ago we were having a hard time believing in the power of the internet.
The development of science and technology not only relies on infrastructure, but also the user's learning curve. The world needs to talk about blockchain more, so that everyone will gradually become familiar with it and it’ll continue to evolve.
If you're a founder working in blockchain or NFTs, welcome to apply to AppWorks >> https://bit.ly/3w0WyIl
ten meaning 在 謙預 Qianyu.sg Facebook 的最佳貼文
【別以爲孩子不完美就不能有自己的成功】
Don't Assume That An Imperfect Child Will Never Have His Own Success
我教書,從小學到中學級別,斷斷續續有十年。
我學命理堪輿超過十五年。
在我家族裡的孩子,還未到十歲,每個幾乎都有十八般武藝,生活能力特別強,就算是女生也特別獨立。
因為這幾種經驗的結合,對於如何栽培孩子的潛能我特別有心得。
在我眼裡,每個人都是佛,所以有無限的可能,孩子也一樣。
但諷刺的是,有時父母反而成為孩子的絆腳石。他們會把自己思維的侷限套在孩子的身上,斷了孩子未激發出來的潛能。
怎麼會這樣?
因為父母本身的八字潛能,也從來沒有被他們的父母激發過,因此成了這惡性循環。在忙於工作和兼顧家庭的無頭蒼蠅日子裡,他們又有何能耐和知識去做這些看似吃力不討好的事呢?
我批的孩童八字當中,有自閉兒、過動兒,有先天缺陷如聽力障礙、語言障礙等,學習過程會比一般孩子來得艱辛。
孩子還未進小學,要嘛就是父母因為這孩子而影響了婚姻,要嘛就父母覺得這孩子不行了,將來做什麼工作就將就吧!
今世的先天缺陷是前世惡因結的果,不該代表孩子的這一世就是死刑。
六歲前為孩子看八字和風水,對孩子的學習人生有很大的補助。三歲前,更佳。
破繭而出的蝴蝶,才能展翅高飛,而不是你打著真愛的口號,拿把剪刀去剪破毛毛蟲的繭。
父母是孩子的第一任老師,如果你們不懂得改善自己的命,你的孩子也會很容易向命運低頭。
愛孩子,就請告訴他們,人生的選項沒有必要鎖在ABCD,我們可以自己創造XYZ。
成功不只是有一種定義。
無論您是一位老師還是一位家長,我大力推薦大家去看這部適合一家大小一起看,由鄧超主演,挑戰我們華人社會對教育和親情習以為常的觀念的大陸電影《銀河補習班》。
看了之後,深入的去思考:我們追求有個孩子真正的意義應該是什麼?
————————————————————
I have ten years of intermittent teaching experience, from primary school level to secondary school level.
I have also learnt Chinese Metaphysics for over 15 years.
In my family, before the age of ten, almost every child would have acquired a lot of life skills. Even the girls in our family are especially independent.
Because of these myriad experiences, I have my unique insight on how to cultivate the potential of children.
I see everyone as a Buddha, thus having infinite potential. The same goes for children.
Yet ironically, sometimes parents, the people who proclaimed the loudest that they love their children, are the exact ones who tripped their children in Life. They impose their limiting mindset on their children, disrupting the undiscovered potential of their children.
Why so?
Because the potential in the adults' Bazi was also never unearthed by their parents, thus forming a vicious cycle. In the daily grind of juggling family and work, running around like a headless chicken, how will they have the patience and knowledge to do such seemingly thankless acts?
In the children's Bazi I have analysed, some have autism, ADHD, listening or speech disabilities etc. Their learning process will understandably be more difficult than normal children.
Thus even before the child enters primary school, the parents would either face marriage disharmony or think that the child should just settle for any decent job in the future.
Born disabilities of this life are the fruits of our past-life karmic deeds, but this should not mark a death penalty in the child's destiny this lifetime.
To get the child's Bazi analysed and Feng Shui audited before age 6 can have enormous positive effects on the child's learning path. Even better if before age 3.
The butterfly that breaks out of its cocoon on its own is able to take flight, but will be crippled when you cut the caterpillar's cocoon with a scissors in the name of supposed true love.
Parents are the first teachers in a child's life. If you do not know how to change your destiny, your child will bow down to Life easily.
If you love them, please let them know life does not have to be restricted to ABCD options. We can create our own XYZ choices.
Success has more than one definition.
Whether you are a teacher or a parent, I recommend you and your children to watch this inspirational China movie on challenging Chinese societal norms in parenting and education, Looking Up (銀河補習班), starring Deng Chao.
And think in depth, what should be the real meaning in having children?
ten meaning 在 Smart Travel Youtube 的最佳解答
#lawsonstore100 #lawson便利店 #便利商店 #日本必買 #日本Lawson必買 #lawson store100 #日本百元商店
剛剛由東京的淺草回來
淺草原來有很多酒店和旅館, 有平價到貴都有
最重要是旺中帶靜, 而且淺草原來有很多超市的
今日為大家介紹, 是Lawson Store 100, 遍佈日本很多分店
平日大家見到Lawson 是藍色logo, 是一間便利店
Lawson Store 100 是 Lawson 旗下品牌
你會見到很多產品上有VL字眼, 意思是value line
店內80%以上的產品都是100 Yen, 由於10月1號起
日本的消費稅由8%加到10%, 所以影片只會講未加稅之前的100 Yen
店裏有飲品、冷凍食品、麵包、零食、即食麵、還有生活百貨
又是便利店, 又是100yen店, 快來 看看今天的十大必買, Are u ready?
第一必買, 2L 的富士山水, 擺放在門口, 2L 賣100 Yen, 抵到爛, 香港要買二十幾港元一支
膠樽上面寫上1 PET , 想跟大家分享一些冷知識
塑膠分類大致分為七種, 1 PET 大部分會在礦泉水、蒸餾水等膠薄的塑膠都是1
PET是硬度, 韌性極佳, PET只能夠耐熱至70度攝氏
否則受過熱會變形, 更會釋放出對人體有害的物質
PET使用大概到十個月為限, 之後就有可能釋放致癌物質
雖然我很喜歡recycle那些膠樽, 不過看完這條影片的環保人士, 應多加注意
第二必買, Nobel 諾貝爾黑飴潤喉糖
採用了沖繩的黑糖, 與及18種香草配方
含有蜂蜜雪梨精華, 下次去日本, 除了龍角散又多個選擇了
第三必買, 來自北海道的plain yogurt
乳酪含有很多對人體腸臟有益的益生菌
我們聽得最多的益生菌飲品是益力多, 但我怕益力多太甜
要減肥、食得健康,plain yogurt 必吃!
第四必買, 黑豆、黃豆、紅豆
如果嫌棄plain yogurt太dry, 不妨可以加上這幾種豆做topping
紅、黃、黑豆, 夠曬咬口。
第五必買, 新瀉縣產的梅子粥, 日本人一般覺得病的時候才會吃粥
而我們香港人認識吃粥是可以下火和清腸胃
我覺得佢旅行一定會拼命吃吃吃, 真是要找一餐半餐清下腸胃
而且日本有很多漬物送粥的, 懂得養生都是一種生存智慧
如果買返酒店沒有微波爐, 可以煲一壺滾水,
再把粥放進去五分鐘, 之後就可以食啦
罐頭刀可以用這種方法, 把罐頭弄得熱騰騰, 送粥
如果未能夠在日本的旅程吃, 可以留待下一個行程食用
大陸必買, 評判屋炒麵
日本即食麵很多選擇, 今次介紹這款, 是日本超暢銷的炒麵
q彈麵條加上特殊醬汁, 三分鐘就有得食啦, 方便又好味
第七必買, 湖池屋薯片, 用上100 percent北海道的薯仔製作薯片
有岩鹽厚切和豉油兩種口味, 100 Yen, 香港要賣貴一倍
第八必買, 白桃果凍, 裏面有很多水果, 被切成一塊塊
啖啖果肉, 清香撲鼻, 第九必買, 香濃口味的水蜜桃果汁
喝起來有非常濃郁順後的水蜜桃香, 加冰爽爆
第十必買, 老花眼鏡, 要唔要買番一套?看看是否真的那麼平
當然是啦. 店內貨品大部分是100 Yen
要做到這個價錢, 因為產品幾乎全部都是自家品牌
可以嚴格控制生產成本和節省物流、人力資源等
所以放心買吧! 下次去日本, 認住這個logo
可以為你慳很多錢, 消費精明的原則, 是你有強大的database
如果你的資料庫可以知道更多買平東西的資訊
你就會變得越來越resourceful, resourceful是一種生活態度
物盡其用, 我好快又會介紹東京淺草買平嘢的其他地方
其中有一間很大的超級市場是24小時開放, 分佈相當密集
記得幫我分享訂閱和like,
還有撳通知制, 我哋下一條片再傾啦,拜拜!
請用片右下角調4K睇片。
http://yt1.piee.pw/KY69E
Hello, everyone. I just back from Asakusa in Tokyo.There are many hotels and hostels in Asakusa. The most important thing is to have a quiet place in such a travel spot, and there are many supermarkets here. Today I am introducing Lawson store 100 distributed throughtout Japan. The blue logo Lawson is a convenience store.. Lawson Store 100 is 1 of a lawson brands. You will see many products with VL words, meaning value line. More than 80% of the products in the store are 100 Yen. Since 1st of October . Japan’s consumption tax is increased from 8% to 10%, so the video will only say 100 Yen before tax-in. There are drinks, frozen food, bread, snacks, instant noodles, and lifestyle products in the store. It is a convenience store but also a 100yen store. Come and see what the top ten must buy today, Are u ready?
みなさん、こんにちは。私は東京の浅草から帰ってきました。浅草には多くのホテルやホステルがあります。最も重要なことは、このような旅行スポットに静かな場所を持ち、ここに多くのスーパーマーケットがあることです。 100個が日本全国に分布しています。ローソンは、コンビニエンスストアです。LawsonStore 100は、ローソンブランドの1つです。バリューワードを意味するVL語を含む多くの製品が表示されます。 10月1日以降、日本の消費税は8%から10%に引き上げられますので、ビデオでは税込み前に100円と表示されます。飲み物、冷凍食品、パン、スナック、インスタントラーメン、ライフスタイル製品はコンビニエンスストアだけでなく、100円の店でもあります。

ten meaning 在 Rayner Teo Youtube 的最佳貼文
Rayner: 00:00 The first thing I want to share is that there is no way that you can 100% avoid a false break out. Because that's like saying, "How do I win 100% of the time in trading?" It doesn't exist. So embrace this fact that break outs will fail, no matter how beautiful the pattern is, how high probability the chart may look break outs can and will fail.
Rayner: 00:32 Once you accept this fact, I want to share with you three tips that I personally look for whenever I trade break outs. Number one trade break out with built up. So what is built up? Build up is basically a tight consolidation you see on your chart where the range of the candles get small and tight. That's called a 'build up', and typically like let's say, for example, I want to trade a break out of resistance, I will look for a build up at the highs of resistance. Meaning if the price comes into resistance, I want to see the range of the candle get tighter and tighter. Consolidating for about five to ten candles, before it breaks out.
Rayner: 01:05 Why do I want to see that? Because number one, you have a tighter stop loss which improves your risk to reward, because when there's a build up, you can just simple set your stop loss at a low of the build-up instead of the low of the entire range, which is pretty done wide. That's number one, a tighter stop loss that eventually offers you a better risk to reward. Number two, when you see a build-up, it's a sign of strength because it's telling you that buyers are willing to buy at these higher prices, willing to buy in front of resistance. This is a sign of strength, and these are the two reasons why I love to trade break outs with build up.
Rayner: 01:39 The second tip that I want to share with you is watch how the price action approaches the levels that you're looking to trade the breakout. Let's say for example again you want to trade resistance, you want to trade the break out of it, watch how the price action approach resistance. So what I want to see is higher lows coming into resistance, because this is a sign of strength, it's telling you that the buyers are willing to buy at again these higher prices. On top of it, it looks somewhat like an Ascending triangle, and it typically is from this type of stair-stepping price action to a point where it starts to coil very tightly, and again this is another form of a build up, and really more often than not, the market is likely to break up higher. Again, watch how the price action approach resistance. Ideally, you want to see higher lows coming into it.
Rayner: 02:22 The third thing I want to share with you is to let markets break out. If the market does break out and you are not in a trade, what you can do is to wait for the first pullback to occur, and this can appear in the form of a trend continuation trade, for example, a bullish flight path and a symmetrical triangle. These are possible chart pattern that you can trade, to trade the subsequent move higher.
Rayner: 02:55 These are the three tips I would like to share with you to find higher probability break out trades. That's all I have for you in today's episode. If you have any questions that you want me to answer, leave it in the comments section below so I can look into it and answer in the next episode.
If you want more actionable trading tips and strategies, go to https://www.tradingwithrayner.com
Thanks for watching!
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ten meaning 在 bubzbeauty Youtube 的最讚貼文
http://www.shopbubbi.com
http://www.bubzbeauty.com
Reuploaded this because YT has been a butt and not publishing my videos =( gahhh. Sorry if you've seen this already ^_^
Hey everybody,
I've been meaning to upload this video for like 3 weeks but I couldn't because orders were too crazy and then I was off to New York for Fashion Week. I've been busy catching up (and regenerating myself by sleeping harhar). I'm so sorry for disappearing so long. I missed you guys so freaking much!!! I have sooo many videos coming up including more Girl Talk episodes and hair/makeup tutorials. Bear with me yes?
For the past year, I've had a fun but busy year sampling and testing out different fibres and shapes for my brush collection. I am very proud of them and hopefully you guys will know my character enough to trust I'm not just saying they're great just for the sake of them being my own products. So far- very pleased with the feedback of the brushes.
I was asked to make a demo video and originally I planned to upload this video on my Vlog channel but you guys suggested to upload on the beauty channel instead because it's more relevant. Some of you are probably going to complain about me being 'promotey'. I put blood, sweat and tears into this brush collection so of course I want them to do well. I hope you guys don't mind this type of video. I'm still Bubz. It will mean the World to me to have you guys support me on this. You guys was the reason this started in the first place.
In this video, I will introduce the 9 brushes and demonstrate how they can be used but if you have similar brushes yourself, you can use them the exact same way. In fact, you should use your own brushes whatever way you like. As long as it works for you, there's no right or wrong.
THE GIVEAWAY
To celebrate the launch, I'm giving away TEN full sets of Bubbi Brushes. To win, simply:
1. LIKE the Bubzbeauty Official Facebook Page http://www.facebook.com/ItsBubz
2. Upload a picture that makes you smile (or inspires you) and in the caption, write why the picture makes you happy. If the picture isn't yours, remember to let me know.
3. If you are under 18, make sure you have parent's consent.
4. Deadline is 4th October 2011.
For more information of the giveaway, you can check out my website for more information yo! http://www.bubzbeauty.com
Words I mean from the bottom of my Heart
I've said thank you so many times that I worry it has lost it's meaning. What can I say guys? You have practically watched me grow up all these years and even though I don't know you all personally- I have this warm connection to you guys as a whole (insert cheese). I don't know what I have done to deserve you guys. You have stuck by me all this time and supported me through thick and thin. None of this is possible without your support, input and help and for this, I am forever grateful. Words are only surfaces of my feelings so saying Thank You 1 million times will never seem enough. You guys have taught me so much and today- you are still my biggest inspiration. No words can explain how amazing you are to me. Thank you so much for everything... Because of you all, I now believe dreams DO come true. I owe you all so much and I know I'll never be able to repay you guys back but I'm going to try my best to continue to work hard with the website and channel. Let's continue to inspire each other. Spread the love and laughter.
Take care, Bubz xx
_________________
Check out the Bubzbeauty Official Website. I update tons of beauty, fashion and hair related articles almost daily.
http://www.bubzbeauty.com
Follow me on Twitter:
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Subscribe to my Vlog channel:
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Shop the Bubbi Makeup Brushes & Clothing Line:
http://shopbubbi.com
Connect with me at the Bubzbeauty Fanpage where I chill n catch up with you guys ^^
http://www.facebook.com/ItsBubz

ten meaning 在 Meaning of "Buck ten, buck fifteen, tops" 的推薦與評價
"Buck ten" means "One dollar and ten cents", or 110 cents. So it presumably means here 110 pounds, or about 50 kilos. ... <看更多>
ten meaning 在 Ten Meaning - YouTube 的推薦與評價
Video shows what ten means. A numerical value equal to 10; the number occurring after nine and before eleven, represented in Roman numerals ... ... <看更多>