【影史最偉大結局:101部完整片單】
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美國紐約雜誌旗下網站《Vulture》近期集結了12位電影記者、影評人,選出了影史101部最佳電影結局。在評選之中,他們考量了作品的多元性,確保不過度集中於特定導演之作,也在類型、題材與產地進行分配(不過最後依然是以英語片為最大宗)。至於「結局」的定義,可能是最後一個鏡頭,也可能是最後一個片尾段落。
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華語片在這份名單也有所斬獲,排名由後至前分別是李安《色,戒》(38名)、陳可辛《甜蜜蜜》(34名)、王家衛《花樣年華》(22名)。亞洲電影名次最前的則是奉俊昊的《非常母親》。也有多部2020年的新片獲得青睞,包括《醉好的時光》(93名)、《女畫家與偷畫賊》(89名)、《教父III》導演剪輯版(24名)。
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每部被選入的電影都有專文介紹說明入選原因,在《色,戒》的部分,影評人安潔莉卡.潔德.巴斯汀(Angelica Jade Bastién)提到《斷背山》原本也獲得討論,但《色,戒》片末易先生的那顆鏡頭(未免暴雷,就不透露),實在對她而言更具力道。
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若欲知詳情,可至《Vulture》官網參考詳情:
https://www.vulture.com/article/the-101-best-movie-endings-of-all-time-ranked.html
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完整名單如下:
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(101)《楊朵 Yentle》(1983)
(100)《灰熊人 Grizzly Man》(2005)
(99)《沙漠之心 Desert Hearts》(1985)
(98)《我們 Us》(2019)
(97)《大幻影 The Grand Illusion》(1937)
(96)《閃亮的馬鞍 Blazing Saddles》(1974)
(95)《麥基與尼基 Mikey and Nicky》(1976)
(94)《姐妹情仇 What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?》(1962)
(93)《醉好的時光 Another Round》(2020)
(92)《巴西 Brazil》(1985)
(91)《愛戀風塵 High Tide》(1987)
(90)《榮耀之役 Lagaan》(2001)
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(89)《女畫家與偷畫賊 The Painter and the Thief》(2020)
(88)《懸崖上的野餐 Picnic at Hanging Rock》(1975)
(87)《媽媽咪呀!回來了 Mamma Mia: Here We Go Again》(2018)
(86)《一位陌生女子的來信 Letter From an Unknown Woman》(1948)
(85)《牧師的最後誘惑 First Reformed》(2018)
(84)《怪胎 Freaks》(1932)
(83)《刑與愛的邊緣 Clemency》(2019)
(82)《仲夏夜玫瑰 Eve’s Bayou》(1997)
(81)《沉默的羔羊 The Silence of the Lambs》(1991)
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(80)《著魔 Possession》(1981)
(79)《贗品 F for Fake》(1973)
(78)《最後迪斯可 The Last Days of Disco》(1998)
(77)《迷失之地 Losing Ground》(1982)
(76)《傾聽我的聲音 Sound of My Voice》(2011)
(75)《發暈 Moonstruck》(1987)
(74)《惡棍特工 Inglourious Basterds》(2009)
(73)《螢火蟲之墓 Grave of the Fireflies》(1988)
(72)《搭便車的人 The Hitch-Hiker》(1953)
(71)《隱藏攝影機 Caché》(2005)
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(70)《美國風情畫 American Graffiti》(1973)
(69)《無知時刻 A Moment of Innocence》(1996)
(68)《深入絕地 The Descent》(2005)
(67)《變調搖滾樂 Gimme Shelter》(1970)
(66)《蘭花賊 Adaptation》(2002)
(65)《視差 The Parallax View》(1974)
(64)《鋼琴師與他的情人 The Piano》(1993)
(63)《異教徒 The Wicker Man》(1975)
(62)《顛父人生 Toni Erdmann》(2016)
(61)《社群網戰 The Social Network》(2010)
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(60)《與巴席爾跳華爾滋 Waltz with Bashir》(2008)
(59)《頂尖對決 The Prestige》(2006)
(58)《北非諜影 Casablanca》(1943)
(57)《郎心如鐵 A Place in the Sun》(1951)
(56)《厄夜叢林 The Blair Witch Project》(1999)
(55)《末路狂花 Thelma & Louise》(1991)
(54)《捉神弄鬼 Death Becomes Her》(1992)
(53)《芬妮與亞歷山大 Fanny and Alexander》(1983)
(52)《天國與地獄 High and Low》(1963)
(51)《月光下的藍色男孩 Moonlight》(2016)
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(50)《撫養亞利桑那 Raising Arizona》(1987)
(49)《神秘失蹤 The Vanishing》(1988)
(48)《歡迎光臨奇幻城堡 The Florida Project》(2017)
(47)《活死人之夜 Night of the Living Dead》(1968)
(46)《不羈夜 Boogie Nights》(1997)
(45)《性昏迷 Bad Timing》(1980)
(44)《無為而治 Being There》(1979)
(43)《千金小姐 The Heiress》(1949)
(42)《美好的星期五 The Long Good Friday》(1980)
(41)《大樹之歌The World of Apu》(1959)
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(40)《萬世魔星 Monty Python’s Life of Brian》(1979)
(39)《大淘金 The Italian Job》(1969)
(38)《色,戒 Lust, Caution》(2007)
(37)《驚悚末日 Melancholia》(2011)
(36)《天涯芳蹤 Morvern Callar》(2002)
(35)《地方英雄 Local Hero》(1983)
(34)《甜蜜蜜 Comrades: Almost a Love Story》(1996)
(33)《焦點新聞 Z》(1969)
(32)《法櫃奇兵 Raiders of the Lost Ark》(1981)
(31)《城市之光 City Lights》(1931)
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(30)《正義難伸The Thin Blue Line》(1988)
(29)《納許維爾 Nashville》(1975)
(28)《彗星美人 All About Eve》(1950)
(27)《鳥 The Birds》(1963)
(26)《搜索者 The Searchers》(1956)
(25)《25小時 25th Hour》(2002)
(24)《馬里奧普佐的教父,尾聲:麥克柯里昂之死 Mario Puzo’s The Godfather, Coda: The Death of Michael Corleone》(2020)
(23)《相見恨晚 Brief Encounter》(1945)
(22)《花樣年華 In the Mood for Love》(2000)
(21)《揚帆 Now, Voyager》(1942)
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(20)《基督的最後誘惑 The Last Temptation of Christ》(1998)
(19)《新娘不是我 My Best Friend’s Wedding》(1997)
(18)《驚爆點 Point Break》(1991)
(17)《愛在日落巴黎時 Before Sunset》(2004)
(16)《烈火悍將 Heat》(1995)
(15)《珍妮德爾曼 Jeanne Dielman, 23 Quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles》(1975)
(14)《橄欖樹下的情人 Through the Olive Trees》(1994)
(13)《殺人一舉 The Act of Killing》(2012)
(12)《突變第三型 The Thing》(1982)
(11)《穆荷蘭大道 Mulholland Drive》(2001)
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(10)《燃燒女子的畫像 Portrait of a Lady on Fire》(2019)
(9)《孤獨地方 In a Lonely Place》(1950)
(8)《大開眼戒 Eyes Wide Shut》(1999)
(7)《八又二分之一 8 1/2》(1963)
(6)《回不去的時光 Phoenix》(2014)
(5)《熱情如火 Some Like It Hot》(1959)
(4)《狂宴 Big Night》(1996)
(3)《非常母親 Mother》(2009)
(2)《黑獄亡魂 The Third Man》(1949)
(1)《軍中禁戀 Beau Travail》(1999)
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(附圖來自《Vulture》,插畫家為James Clapham。)
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The Fifth Element(1997)
Director:Luc Besson
Cinematographer:Thierry Arbogast
2nd unit DOP:Nick Tebbet
Production Designer:Dan Weil
Key grip:Joe Celeste
Camera grip:Jean Pierre Mas
Stunt coordinator:Marc Boyle
Costume Designer:Jean-Paul Gaultier
Visual Effects supervisor:Mark Stetson
Creature Effects supervisor:Nick Dudman
Miniature Effects supervisor:Niels Nielsen
Visual Effects DOP:Bill Neil
Special Effects supervisor:Neil Corbould
Pyrotechnics supervisor:Thaine Morris
Luc Besson said he started writing the screenplay when he was 16, creating the vivid fantasy universes to combat the boredom he experienced living in rural France. But it didn't reach the screen until he was 38 years old; by that time, he felt he was old enough to actually have something to say about life.
According to costume designer Jean Paul Gaultier, the enfant terrible of the fashion world who once gave Madonna conical breasts, designed the futuristic costumes for The Fifth Element—more than 1000 of them. He didn't just design them, either For crowd scenes, where there might be hundreds of extras wearing his costume designs, he'd go around making adjustments to ensure everyone looked right before the cameras rolled.
According to Gaultier, Besson had lined up Mel Gibson, Julia Roberts, and Prince to play the leads in 1992, before financial problems delayed the project. (It's not clear whether any of them had officially signed on or were merely considering it.) Besson arranged for Gaultier to meet with Prince when the singer was in Paris so he could show him sketches of his designs. The meeting proved awkward (as one assumes many meetings with Prince are), and The Purple One later told Besson that he found the costumes "a bit too effeminate." It's entirely possible that the production delays would have prevented Prince from committing anyway, but it's fun to think about what Ruby Rhod would have been like in different hands. Gaultier had also unwittingly offended Prince with his description of one proposed outfit, a mesh suit with a padded, fringe-bedecked rear. Gaultier kept referring to this part of the suit as a "faux cul" ("fake ass"), but because of his thick accent, he said Prince misheard him as saying, "F-\-\- you!" Tucker has said he took inspiration from both Prince and Michael Jackson in crafting his performance as Ruby Rhod.
When filming began, the production decided to dye Milla Jovovich's hair from its natural brown color to her character's signature orange color. However, due to the fact that her hair had to be re-dyed regularly to maintain the bright color, Milla's hair quickly became too damaged and broken to withstand the dye. Eventually a wig was created to match the color and style of Leeloo's hair, and was used for the remainder of the production.
Luc Besson, an admitted comic book fan, had two famous French comic book artists in mind for this movie's visual style when he started writing the movie in high school, Jean Giraud (Moebius) and Jean-Claude Mézières. Both artists have long-standing comic book series in France. Moebius is best known for "Blueberry" and the (French) Magazine and (U.S.) movie Heavy Metal (1981). Mézières is best known for the "Valerian" series. Both series are still in production today. Moebius and Mezieres, who attended art school together but had never collaborated on a project until this movie, started renderings for this movie in the early 1990s and are responsible for the majority of the overall look of the movie, including the vehicles, spacecrafts, buildings, human characters, and aliens. However, only Giraud is credited, and even then, he wasn't even granted a premium when the movie was eventually produced.
Some of the most memorable moments from the film are views of a future New York, complete with flying cars and a mass of new and old skyscrapers. The film was one of Digital Domain’s huge miniature shows released that year – the others being Dante’s Peak and Titanic – while also heralding the fast-moving world of CGI in the movies. The New York scenes were created using a combination of CGI (for the flying cars), live action (the people), and scale models (the buildings). A crew of 80 on the production design team spent five months building dozens of city blocks at 1/24th scale.The visual effects for The Fifth Element were realized with a masterful combination of motion control miniatures, CG, digital compositing and effects simulations by Digital Domain. The flying traffic created by the visual Effects team allowed artists to create personalized license plates. Though never visible in the movie, the state slogan printed on all license plates reads "New York, The F***-You State."The people populating the roofs, decks, and windows during the visual effects sequences in New York City are the artists and employees at Digital Domain.
The text scrolling across a Times Square theater marquee as Korben dives down through traffic is actually an excerpt from an e-mail dispute between several artists at Digital Domain. Other signs on digital and practical, miniature buildings contain similar in-jokes and references and the large cylindrical tanker truck that Korben's cab almost hits at the end of his descent is decorated with the logo of a Venice, California, pizza parlor that was a favorite of Digital Domain artists.
‘You know, Mark, I don’t want to do these ‘fancy panning around and seeing the whole world shots’. I’d much rather set a camera looking down a street, having a cab rush towards me, and cut as it passes by, and then cut to a reverse of it passing by, and construct my film that way.’ – The Fifth Element visual effects supervisor Mark Stetson relates what director Luc Besson said to him about staging the film’s New York City shots.
This was Mark Stetson’s first visual effects supervisor role, this is what he had to say about it in a VFX blog article
Mark Stetson: I wasn’t afraid of the size of it. I didn’t think it was huge at the time. I mean, it was sort of standard tent pole-ish at the time and I was confident that I could do that, but it was my first one and there was a ton I had to learn, especially about digital visual effects. And I was very supported by Digital Domain. It was Digital Domain 1.0 back then, and they really gave me a great team. It was a great experience all around.
During the prep period, cinematographer Thierry Arbogast worked extensively with production designer Dan Weil to integrate various lighting units — primarily fluorescent and occasionally ultraviolet fixtures — within the sets themselves. More often than not, the futuristic spaces dictated the types of fixtures that could be used.
Arbogast had some challenges on the film he said this about the opera scene.
“Most of the lights you see in the opera house were already there. The difficulty was in lighting the people in the audience without illuminating the white facades of the balcony. Therefore, we used a lot of flags to focus our lighting precisely on the people.”
Gary Oldman played Zorg as a cross between then-Presidential candidate Ross Perot and Bugs Bunny.
In most shots of Gary Oldman, there is a circle around his head. In fact, a circle in the middle of the frame is a nearly constant motif in this movie. Bruce Willis, on the other hand, is more often framed by a rectangle or doorway behind him.
In keeping with the hands-on approach Besson established on Le Dernier Combat and has practiced on all of his successive films — Subway (1985), The Big Blue (1988), Atlantis (1990), La Femme Nikita (1991) and The Professional (1994) — the filmmaker operated the camera himself throughout the entire shoot. While such a working situation is rare for directors working within the Hollywood system, Besson prefers it because he can maintain better control of the onscreen action. "I create the frame and the movement within it," he explains. "Why lose time explaining everything to someone else? He's going to be slightly off, and then I'm going to freak out and say, 'No, this is not what we discussed. I want the camera here!' So it's better for everyone involved if I just do it myself.
"I write each action scene as if it is a ballet; the movements fit with the music. Generally, I'll shoot a fight sequence for 10 days using just one or two cameras and a very small crew. I've already written out the fight scene in my head, shot by shot. I do this for each and every sequence so that we can just shoot it, and then put the scene together in the editing room. At the same time, when you're on the set, you can have an idea at the last moment; you realize that from a different angle the light might be better, so you change the perspective [of the shot]. But I'll always write down and block out this [new] progression."
The explosion in the Fhloston main hall was the largest indoor explosion ever filmed. The resulting fire almost went beyond control. It took twenty-five minutes to put out.
At the time, it was the most expensive movie ever produced outside of Hollywood, most expensive French production history, and at $80 million USD, the visual effects budget of the movie was the highest of its time.
The wonder on Bruce Willis' face when the Diva sings is real. That was the first time he'd heard it and seen the actress in full make-up.
Bruce Willis, Milla Jovovich, Chris Tucker and Gary Oldman are all left-handed.
The director had been married to Maïwenn Le Besco, who plays the Diva Plavalaguna, since 1992 (when she was 16 and he was 33, but that's another story). She didn't want to be in the film, adhering to the old adage that married people shouldn't work together and co-workers shouldn't marry each other. But when the actress Besson had cast as the Diva dropped out, Le Besco took the part got painted blue and gave a memorable performance. Alas, Besson didn't share his wife's policy of not mixing work with relationships. He left her during the production for Milla Jovovich, whom he married at the end of 1997 and divorced two years later... then that happened
From Mental floss,vfx blog,ASCmag article,IMDb,YouTube visual element doc.